Holiday writing paper
Wednesday, September 2, 2020
Case Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1
Case - Research Paper Example This contextual analysis will investigate a genuine circumstance that existed as a representation of different administration styles at CD Hotels Inc. This occurred during Eddieââ¬â¢s residency at the organization when he was an individual from the supervisory group. Kenny was a youthful and new alumni from college with the excitement and energy to work. He had considered Business Administration with studies Management. From the beginning, he looked naã ¯ve and defenseless on occasion. Notwithstanding, he was prepared to tune in to what others needed to state. He made an air of similarity inside and around him from the day he began working at the organization. He realized how to make compatibility with individual associates without making any pressure. At the point when individuals moved toward him with issues, he generally appeared to be prepared to help at whatever point there was a need to do as such. He made it simple for individuals to work with him and he was never the kind of individual that would put his group off. Rather, he needed contribution from his associates and was prepared to tune in and arrive at an accord at whatever point there was a question. Album Hotels was built up in 1981 as a little foundation that used to house working class individuals in Washington D.C. It was built up by Martin Atkinson as the first of the future numerous overall inn networks. In 1984, the association started its development projects to cover territories outside Washington D.C. During that year, five lodgings were built up in the United States, which were serving the most customers in the neighborliness segment. Throughout the years, the organization has gotten universal status with improved income assortments just as money related muscle. It built up a global notoriety as one of the best accommodation businesses around the globe. The foundation has spread out past fringes into the East, Europe, Africa, and South America. The organization has since developed and seen the making of various offices and divisions that have clear jobs and duties. For
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Which Character in the book Watchmen best captures 21st century Essay
Which Character in the book Watchmen best catches 21st century American legislative issues Why - Essay Example America today is in an interesting sort of position since it ended up to be the sole outstanding superpower of the world, and because of this uncommon position, America applies a major impact in world issues. Incomprehensibly, America is additionally some way or another restricted on the amount it can do on the grounds that it is working under certain requirements by worldwide powers outside its quick control. A model is the spread of liberal belief system helped spread globalization of exchange and account, which had thusly scattered the American standards of genuine agent popular government and the advantages of free market private enterprise (that ââ¬Å"a rising tide lifts all boats,â⬠as broadly expressed by previous President John F. Kennedy). Be that as it may, America is presently additionally under expanding examination by different countries in the manner it practices this incredible force; it is a domineering sort of intensity and accompanies it the extraordinary kind of duty to exercise such power in a judicious and evenhanded way. This may not be the situation consistently or in all occasions and different nations which likewise seek to worldwide significance attempt to challenge American force from numerous points of view other than a direct fierce war. The weight is on America to practice its extraordinary force in a reasonable way to offer equity to every world resident however alternately, as the saying goes, outright force can degenerate completely. This concise paper is a conversation of current American governmental issues with a good or philosophical supporting comparable to an awesome realistic novel by creator Alan Moore entitled Watchmen. Conversation The Watchmen is a genuine case of another scholarly type called as the realistic novel. It is another class of books as of late considered as an authentic artistic expression in itself because of its developing prominence, with past books like A Contract with God (by writer Eisner), Ma us (by Spiegelman), trailed by Watchmen (by Moore and Gibbons) and afterward likewise The Dark Knight Returns (by Miller). A realistic novel follows the shows of a conventional novel yet the story is told through a progression of funny cartoon delineations, subsequently the name realistic. It is told through exchange and the topic can be either fiction or true to life too. Guards is a realistic novel that recounts to a convincing story of intensity that is profoundly significant today. Guards has many fascinating characters with regards to it like Dr. Manhattan, Rorschach, Nite Owl, Silk Specter, the Comedian, and Ozymandias. Be that as it may, it is Dr. Manhattan which best epitomizes the idea of American governmental issues in the twenty-first century. The extraordinary intensity of Dr. Manhattan is fundamentally the same as the extraordinary forces of the United States of America as sole super force in a unipolar world. America as sole superpower has a great deal of choices acces sible to it that isn't accessible to lesser countries, and this force can be practiced either for fortunate or unfortunate, from a specific perspective, without any potential repercussions whenever permitted. This makes America a startling nation to contradict. It practices its incredible forces as indicated by its own rationale and good measures which is appeared by its inclination or preference for preventive wars (some political examiners named it as pre-emptive wars). This was appeared by the last Iraq war to topple Saddam Hussein for evidently having the feared weapons of mass demolition (WMD) and executed him after an imperfect preliminary for atrocities against humankind (Tucker 174).1 America resembles Dr. Manhattan; it works under its own principles and surprisingly more terrible, works under a twofold standard of ethical quality with regards to its lead of universal relations (Robichaud 14).2 Clearly, as expressed prior somewhere else, the central issue focuses on the poli tical profound quality that America ought to be
Friday, August 21, 2020
The Last of the Mohicans Essay Example for Free
The Last of the Mohicans Essay Nicole Kidman and Daniel Day Lewis both render amazing exhibitions as Satin and Hawkeye in the films, ââ¬ËMoulin Rougeââ¬â¢ and ââ¬ËThe Last of the Mohicansââ¬â¢, individually. Be that as it may, with the class being very unique for every one of these motion pictures, the two entertainers needed to confront explicit requests as far as their acting and groundwork for their jobs in every one of these movies. Acting is something that not a great many people can do and progress nicely. In video form acting takes on a shiny new life when contrasted with following up on stage. While numerous individuals guarantee that following up on stage is significantly more troublesome than following up on film, what the vast majority donââ¬â¢t know is that in film, there is no space for misrepresentation in light of the fact that the entertainers are relied upon to be the precise or depiction of the character that they perform. In stage acting, then again, on-screen characters typically own the job and as a rule the character is overlooked for the on-screen character. For example, in Miss Saigon, it was not the fundamental hero ââ¬ËKimââ¬â¢ that individuals needed to look for yet Lea Salonga. The case is distinctive in film; for example, in the film, ââ¬ËThe Queenââ¬â¢ Helen Mirren needed to proceed as an entertainer to be as honest and exact as she can be to the genuine Elizabeth, Queen of England. The requests in film and stage acting are extraordinary and though contradicting assessments, film entertainers experience increasingly thorough arrangements before they are found in their movies with the goal that reality turns out to be progressively evident and distinctive to the crowd. This implies following up on film is a specialty of truth and that it ought to be something that entertainers and on-screen characters acclimatize and disguise to have the option to perform well. In ââ¬ËMoulin Rougeââ¬â¢ Nicole Kidman assumed the job of Satine, a turberculous, love struck, entertainer/concubine to whom a battling writer becomes hopelessly enamored with. Satine is then conflicted between two men, one an affluent Duke and her genuine affection, Christian, the writer. This film can be viewed as a half and half since it is both a melodic and a lighthearted comedy and it is astonishing that Nicole Kidman needed to utilize her genuine voice in proceeding as Satine in the numerous occurrences in the film where the character needed to sing. The entertainer confesses to having had experienced voice exercises to plan for the film, which at first gives one what the film requested of this specific on-screen character. Other than getting voice exercises, Nicole additionally needed to take move exercises for the various move numbers that she needed to do in the film. Spare it to state that the film was made in the Bohemian convention which included conspicuous set structures just as noisy hues and strange view. These negatively affected the entertainer too; being set in a bohemian domain necessitated that the on-screen character likewise radiate a bohemia air. In this way, Nicole as Satine carried life to the character (play on words planned) as she depicted the calloused character and delicate, yearning young lady that Satine was. As a result, Nicole needed to pass on two characters that had a place with altogether various ranges, one, an obtuse and gold-burrowing prostitute, and two, a desolate young lady in affection who might need to split away from the requests of her activity. Satineââ¬â¢s conviction, in any case, lies in her fantasy about having her very own demonstration and discovering her one genuine affection, so Nicole needed to adjust the calloused character that Satine was known for and the delicate, astute, and cherishing young lady that had dreams of her own. Another acting interest that Nicole needed to address for this film was the issue to stay apathetic yet cheerful all through the film. The test here is to be detached and permit little bits of would like to radiate through in her nearly stifled acting. The purpose behind this is Kidman needed to keep up the state of mind of the film and keeping in mind that simultaneously barring herself from the pomp that described the majority of the on-screen characters. The state of mind was very strange, a disposition to which the rich Duke had a place with however the film offered another measurement, that of Christian, an increasingly reasonable and honest measurement, so Satine must be sufficient for the two universes to effectively exist. Henceforth, Kidman, while being depicted as a brilliant and dreamlike character needed to hold a specific level of safe haven on reality in her presentation to likewise make her fit for her genuine romance, Christian. With everything taken into account, Kidmanââ¬â¢s execution as Satine was out of the crate since she had numerous requests on her past simply the underlying requests of figuring out how to sing and move for the film. Her presentation effectively breathed life into her character and adequately passed on the sorts of messages and feelings that were expected of the character at specific focuses in the film. In this specific film, Kidman needed to act more likewise to passionate acting than on physical acting. Physical acting, while all acting is in actuality thought about physical, is the sort of acting that requires the entertainer to utilize increasingly physical language rather than enthusiastic language instead of passionate acting. This implies a character needs to utilize physical resources to unlawful a physical reaction as opposed to utilizing these resources to illegal an unobtrusive passionate reaction from the crowd. Physical acting is progressively clear in real life and experience movies of which ââ¬ËThe Last of the Mohicansââ¬â¢ is one. In this film, Daniel Day Lewis who plays Hawkeye, a white man who is a piece of the withering Mohican clan won't join the English Militia and go over two Indian ladies with whom romantic tales bloom in the midst of the war. Promptly, it becomes apparent that there were requests of conviction for the on-screen character as he was relied upon to once more, be conflicted between shielding the Mohicans and the lady that he cherished. While this film might be viewed as an undertaking in the entirety of its viewpoints, it has components of a romantic tale and might be viewed as a half and half. Maybe most contemporary movies presently are viewed as cross breeds since clashes are made based on different connections and circumstances that go for various topic kinds. Returning to Lewis, another interest that this on-screen character needed to fulfill was the physical need for the film â⬠Lewis had, as indicated by certain sources, experience anguishing weight preparing to get into character. He additionally needed to absorb to the tough condition of the woodlands in which his character lived; this implied he needed to figure out how to chase and angle and endure just on the assets found in the timberland. Likewise, group individuals engaged with the film uncover that Lewis additionally needed to figure out how to skin creatures and convey a long rifle consistently to stay in character. This is where nature is a significant component of the acting, and may even be viewed as a character on the grounds that remembered for the requests of the entertainer was that he needed to figure out how to communicate with the earth and approach it like it was a piece of the story, as truth be told, it was. Contrasting this with the prior film, ââ¬Å"Moulin Rougeâ⬠Lewis needed to accomplish more physical acting than passionate acting on the grounds that while there was an affection point in the film, Lewis likewise needed to pass on the viciousness and furiousness of the Mohicans, the clan which he spoke to and needed to encapsulate. Thus, in spite of delicate and enthusiastic scenes in the film, these were just added to give a more profound measurement to the conviction of the character, however more critically, Lewis needed to act like he was a piece of the earth and like he was the meat and bone of the contention to depict his character all the more precisely and all the more all things considered. In both of these movies, the acting requests are very clear and in any movie specifically, any entertainer should satisfy these acting needs not as a commitment or an obligation to the chief or the maker yet as a duty to the crowd that has confidence in transit on-screen characters and on-screen characters ought to act in character. Movies are regularly determined by the manner in which characters act and how the entertainers and on-screen characters fulfill the acting needs tossed at them. Any compelling and effective film will have on-screen characters and entertainers completely satisfying the needs of both the specialized film and the imaginative angle which is the story; and at exactly that point when the on-screen characters and on-screen characters do fulfill these needs will they have the option to offer back to the crowd a film that will beauty film history and ideally change into an ageless exemplary.
Sunday, May 31, 2020
Imperialism in the British Government - Free Essay Example
The nineteenth century was a time of great expansion for the European Powers, known as Imperialism. Imperialism in the British Government was overall focused on Africa and its industrial expansion. The many issues that were faced and advanced during Imperialism included: culture, economics, morals, geostrategis, racial issues, native resistance, and cooperation. The Standard Treaty states that the Royal Niger Company was created to better the standards of living in Africa. It was created by the British Government to establish control over African countries. The main focus was to open up trade zones in the country to other outside demands. Its other purpose was to set rules for the mission of industrial expansion in Africa such as the standards of living and economic growth. According to Azamgarh Proclamation, he first part of European culture that was influenced by the British Government was the Badshahi Government in 1857. The British Government greatly changed the ways of Hindus and Muslims for the worst, yet whoever clung to the ways of the British after these changes, was sent to prison or killed. Large landowners were originally forced to give up their land to public auctions and taken to court and put in jail if they had peasants, servants, or slaves, as a punishment of disgrace. They were also taxed unreasonably high prices yearly for things such as school systems, roads, and public services. With the new government taking over, they would no longer be put through these things and would be given the right to control their own land. They were also given the rights to uncontrolled trade. The government could no longer monopolize articles with higher values or tax traders. The natives in military services gained respects from the government and were no longer looked down upon. They were given normal pay and open to higher pays in the future. Workers in the physical labor category were re-employed and given the benefits or pursuing their occupations all over again under the Kings. In Indian Home Rule, it explains that the country of India has been almost completely modernized by the English of the British Government in 1909. The whole culture had been industrialized as far as the economy, productions, and religious values. Machinery was a huge part of the country becoming civilized. Steam engines were introduced, which switched farming from manual labor over to machine labor and produced much more. Airplanes were introduced instead of using wagons, which sped up traveling. Men could now travel all across the world in a few hours instead of months or years. Men now longer had to fight in hand-to-hand battles, and instead could use guns. Religion was no longer forced upon people, it was now an option that they could choose their own or if they even wanted to practice a religion or not. Women werent looked at as housewives and could now be a part of the workforce in factories. The natives of India looked at the changes as a way of self-destroying their culture, but the English continued to make changes that would better the cultures performance in the long run. The Rhodes Colossus is a cartoon of Cecil Rhodes representing the period of Imperialism in Africa in the early 1900s. In just a few decades, Africa went from ten percent to ninety percent of it being controlled by the European Government:; the control started from the coast and moved inland. The area became a large market valuing trade since there were many waterways, such as the Suez Canal, connecting other trade rival countries. Africa was rich with raw materials that had a high demand in other countries such as: copper, cotton, rubber, palm oil, cocoa, diamonds, tea, and tin. Since many waterways had been opened up, the military force force grew largely, specifically the Navy. Ships were now driven by steam powered engines which required the production of new ports and coal stations. Bases were built throughout the routes of the waterways to increase communication. Due to the large amount of industrialization, small colonies grew into large trade zones with new businesses and industries being introduced. Cecil Rhodes took control of the economy and political part of Africa by maintaining a balance between the two to improve the conditions of the country. During the Berlin Conference, new laws were set up to regulate the the establishments that had been made within the colonies. The Berlin Conference also discussed and made it a goal to suppress the slave trade and slavery that had overtaken Africa. The Europeans pushed Christianity onto the Africans stating that the purpose of it would help the introduction of the new business industry. They also took control over most African children and guided them into the new world that they were being introduced to. The main goal of the British dominance in this country was to expand and improve the country industrially and morally. The White Mans Burden was a poem based off of Americans taking over the Philippines which is compared to the British Government taking over countries during Imperialism. It states that white men are the most powerful breed and know what is best for other cultures when it comes to expansion, but that many cultures are ungrateful for the changes that are trying to be made.. Its said that listening to the white men will give you the most power and the best changes for your country. The poem translates into telling the other countries that under the foreign governments power the will have extreme benefits from cultural, social, moral, and economic standards. Overall, the purpose of the British Government in the Imperialism age was to bring new ideas and development to African countries. It brought advancements in economic and political strategies. The cultural ideas and religious decisions were reformed. The social and racial aspects were changed for the best. Morally, the country was changed as a whole to modernize and better the standards of living conditions.
Saturday, May 16, 2020
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
The Cost of Aging Prison Inmates Essay - 1495 Words
The issue with aging prison members is that our legal system spends a majority of the money on our older inmates than our younger members. The three-strike rule in the United States is a big factor on why we have such a high rate with older inmates in our prisons. We imprison older members for life after they have committed more than three felonies regardless of the crime. That leads to our legal system being stuck with a lot of aging inmates. Our legal system has to pay more money in order to accommodate our older inmates because they require more medical needs. The Criminal justice system is spending a significant amount of money on our elderly sick inmates even though they are unable to commit any more crimes, leading to more problemsâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Mental illnesses are extremely pricy and dangerous. The staff has to be extra cautions with mentally disabled prisoners because they are more dangerous. The prison system does not have enough money to be able to maintain high-risk prisoners. ââ¬Å"The average cost of keeping an older inmate incarcerated is about $69,000 a yearâ⬠(Regan) itââ¬â¢s an outrageous amount of money. A Tennessee State prison gave Dr. Regan, Alderson, and Dr. William Regan gave data on older inmates who had mental illnesses. The study focused on the population and their mental disorder and the crime committed. 671 prisoners where tested in the study and 109 people where diagnosed with a mental illness: Out of the 109 people with a mental disorder only 13% where women and 87% where men. The most common crime for both genders with a mental disorder was murder. Women who committed murder suffered from depression illness. Men who committed crime in their older age committed sex crimes and where diagnosed with dementia. Our prisons are not equipped to be able to handle mentally disable prisoners. Mentally disorder people need to be in a mental house that can help them. It is not right to incarcerate someone who is sick . A great study conducted by Dr. Williams consisted of gathering workers in the prisons who worked with elderly inmates: 29 experts where chosen of which 19 were men and 10 were women. The goal and purpose of the study was to find a possible solution to helpShow MoreRelatedSolving The Problem Of An Aging Prison Population1250 Words à |à 5 Pagesof an Aging Prison Population Joshua N. Handy American Military University Abstract The American correctional system is facing many emerging issues. One of these issues is the exponential increase in aging offenders. In the past few decades, the number of geriatric offenders incarcerated has multiplied at an increasing rate. This essay addresses the issue of aging offenders in the correctional system; the problems that these offenders create and the underlying issues related to the aging prisonerRead MoreThe Incarceration Of Aging And Elderly1474 Words à |à 6 PagesOver the last thirty years the number individuals held in the United States Prison system has been growing rapidly. Numerous studies have found that the prison population that is growing most rapidly is the elderly population. For the purposes of this paper, the term aging and elderly population will refer to those who are incarcerated and are over the age of 61. As the number of elderly inmates continues to increase the number of stressors put on both the correctional system and the individual.Read Mo reHarsher Sentences For More Serious Crimes1450 Words à |à 6 PagesPenitentiary at Angola Elderly prisoners are the least unsafe group of people behind bars but the most expensive to keep under lock and key. Yet, the number of elderly prisoners is sky rocketing. Thousands of older men and women lifeââ¬â¢s end each year in prison, even though they were not officially sentenced to death they die of old age. But due of the long sentences they received, they might as well have been. Harsher sentences for less serious crimes was a major attribute of the failed ââ¬Å"tough on crimeâ⬠Read MoreManagement Concerns Of Corrections For Special Populations Essay1289 Words à |à 6 Pagestheir individual needs and abilities. The purpose of this particular study is focused on the management of special needs inmates and the burdens incurred at various levels. For this study, special needs populations are defined as prisoners who exhibit unique physical, mental, social, and programmatic needs that distinguish them from other prisoners and to whom jail and prison management and staff have to respond in nontraditional and innovative ways (Schmalleger Smykla 2013). The special needsRead MoreDementia Behind Bars505 Words à |à 2 PagesAmerican prisons. Law on the mandatory sentencing of criminals in the 1970s gave rise to the present high population of inmates and the costs associated. This disease associated with the elderly, is evident in the states and federal prisons with the numbers of elderly inmates on the rise, 125 000 by 2010. The budgets amounting from the costs incurred in the furnishing of specialized care to these inmates who cannot even clean or dress themselves are high. The inmates expect their health costs takenRead MoreU.S. Prison Costs Essay example1610 Words à |à 7 PagesU.S. Prison Costs After reading the essay, ââ¬Å"A Homemade Education,â⬠an autobiography of Malcolm X, I became quite curious about how many dollars America spends toward the prison system and how it affects our society. The autobiography itself covers how Malcolm X gained a homemade education simply by reading books while serving time in prison. He claimed, ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t think anybody ever got more out of going to prison than I didâ⬠¦prison enabled me to study far more intensivelyâ⬠¦sometimes as muchRead MorePrivate Prisons1166 Words à |à 5 PagesRunning head: PRISON PRIVATIZATION 1 An Assessment of Prison Privatization Sharon Baumann-Heller ORG 8575 Michael Mills August 12, 2012 PRISON PRIVATIZATION 2 Abstract Over-crowding in our federal, state, and local prisons, along with a depressed economy, has resulted in a trend toward privatization of these facilities. This paper examines the core issues surrounding private prisons in the areas of cost-effectiveness, recidivismRead MoreThe Cost of High Imprisonment Rates in the United States Essay examples1176 Words à |à 5 PagesAccording to the Bureau of Justice Statistics there are currently 2.4 million people in federal and state prison in the United States, that equals out to 1 out of every 100 American adults. This places the United States at number one in the world for its incarceration rate. The US has 5% of the worlds population but 245% of the worlds prisoners. In addition to this there are 4.8 million adults on probation of parole and 70,792 juveniles in juvenile detention. In 2008 the breakdown for adults underRead MoreReform, Means Improvement : Prison Reform Essay1558 Words à |à 7 PagesReform, means improvement. Prison reform , means the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons, establishing a more effective penal system, or implement alternatives to incarceration. The penal system is part of the larger criminal justice system. Prison reformation, is not just about the justice system or the criminal justice system. They all have a different meaning, but, in all, they do involve with the same concepts, expectations, and ways of doing things because it deals with community, societyRead MoreCapital Punishment : One Of The Least Enforced Forms Of Punishments1188 Words à |à 5 Pageslarge deficit and continues to hold inmates for life sentences. One hundred and fourteen dollars are spent daily on each inmate in California. That is more than what most Californians earn in a hardworking day at a minimum wage pay job. Thanks to inmate advocates, Californians spend millions on inmates verse spending on education and health for the work class. Capital punishment should be enforced in California more often to get rid of problems such as prison overcrowding and reducing, the increase
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Sociology for Science and Ecosystem Management- myassignmenthelp
Question: Discuss about theSociology for Science and Ecosystem Services Management. Answer: This study examines the change in the biodiversity of the forests in the Bolivian Amazon as the culture of the indigenous people shifts from the traditional to the modern. The alpha tree diversity in the region was chosen as a parameter to assess how changes in behaviour and culture of the Tsimane' communities impact the biodiversity. The contact of the indigenous people with the Christian missionaries, the Andean colonists, logging companies and market traders has brought about cultural changes. The management of sacred groves and tree diversity has been affected due to the change. The Tsimane' people have a set of rituals and taboos that has led to conservation of biodiversity in the sacred groves. As they come in contact with market traders and cattle ranchers the change in their values caused them to alter their beliefs. Tree species that were earlier considered taboo are no longer feared. While the elders of the community believe in the concept of spirits, the Tsimane' living in towns do not hold similar beliefs (Guze, 2015). Another study on the Bolivian Amazon inhabitants points at the changes in traditional ecological knowledge due to increased interaction with the mainstream Bolivian society (Reyes-Garca, et al., 2014). Biodiversity is indeed linked to the cultural values of populations. The study inferred that tree diversity was affected due to acculturation of the Tsimane' community. When the diversity index called Fisher's Alpha was used to calculate the impact of diversity, it was significant in relation to acculturation. The Shannon index when calculated also showed the impact of acculturation on tree diversity. Previous disturbances to the forest cover by causes other than Tsimane' community were not part of the study and may have influenced the biodiversity of the assessed forest region. The study should have accounted for ecological disturbances caused by culture change in a larger sampling area than was considered as part of this study. However, the study is beneficial because it draws out the salient features of the culture of Tsimane' community and its impact on conserving the biodiversity of the flora in the region. Ormsby, A Ismail, S (2015). Cultural and ecological insights into sacred groves: managing timber resources for improved grove conservation. Forests, trees and livelihoods, 24(4):255-258. This study analyses how in the Kodagu district of South India the conservation of a species of timber, Disoxylem malabaricum has been successful due to the preservation of forests designated as 'sacred groves' by the local populace. The forests are managed by the community and the protection is offered as part of spiritual customs. But a recent study has pointed at changes in culture and the tendency to extract forest resources has led to encroachment and this has affected some rare local species. From what was once an area maintained by the local community where conservation was practised as a religion in service to the deity of a sacred grove is losing rare species due to increased human activity. The protection to the forest area has weakened (Ormsby Ismail, 2015). The study suggests interaction between the local community and forest department could improve the management of the sacred groves. It also suggests that better conservation of the timber species is possible through silviculture management. These points could help device policy on how to incorporate traditional methods of conservation of forests in the present context. It is interesting to note how safeguarding the ecosystem and protection of biodiversity are a part of the cultural ethos of some communities. Another study in the area points at human encroachment due to road widening, mini hydel projects and laying of cables contribute to the loss of biodiversity in the area and shrinking areas of the sacred groves (Rajesh, 2016). This study evaluates the effect of the 'sacred groves' in a South Indian district effectively and suggests further improvement through silk worm rearing in conjunction with conservation through cultural inputs. Ormsby, A (2013). Analysis of local attitudes toward the sacred groves of Meghalaya and Karnataka, India. Conservation and Society, 11(2):187-197. This study conducted in Meghalaya, India, mentions that the arrival of Christian missionaries in the area helped start modern education but the philosophy of the local people and their traditions did not receive much respect (Ormsby A. , 2013). The study compares the sacred groves in areas that are biodiversity hotspots- Meghalaya in North East India and the Kodagu district in the state of Karnatakaby analysing their cultural values. Whereas, similar conservation through sacred forests in Karnataka's Kodagu district received support because they were Hindus. Several traditions were analysed and compared and locals from both regions, that is, Meghalaya and Karnataka were interviewed to ask what actions were prohibited in the sacred forests. Hunting and felling of trees was not allowed in both cases but less invasive activity, such as, carrying of small forest produce - leaf litter, soil, twigs was permitted. Both the communities believed that not following the rules could cause some h arm to the people who broke rules. Ceremonies and rituals are still held to offer prayers in the Kodagu district while in Meghalaya the change of religion has meant that the rituals and prayers are followed to a lesser extent. The awareness among the communities about the need to conserve the sacred groves is higher in Meghalaya than in the Kodagu district (Ormsby A. , 2013). This study conducts an in depth analysis of two biodiversity hotspots in India, namely, in Meghalaya and Karnataka. The impact of education, acculturation of the indigenous people, their changing value systems is studied thoroughly. Several parameters have been considered- restrictions on use of forest resources, festivals and rituals associated with the sacred groves have been studied in depth. An interesting finding is that modern education has made the tribal people in Meghalaya more sensitive to the requirement of conservation of the sacred forests. The authors have not been able to analyse why the people associated with sacred forests in Meghalaya are successful at conservation even though their understanding of culture is lesser than other communities. The spiritual connection of the people in the Kodagu forests has been explained well. The paper draws on important points while comparing the two biodiversity hotspots. However, very few forests could be reached and the sample si ze remained small. Parotta, J., Yeo-Chang, Y Camcho, L (2016). Trditional knowledge for sustainable forest management and provision of ecosystem services, International journal of biodiversity science and ecosystem services management, 12(1-2):1-4. Ecological resilience has been practised by indigenous communities all over the world. The Dayak Tunjung community in East Borneo, rural communities in Northern Ghana have rules regulations taboos and customs that revolve round principles of sustainable use of natural resources. The values that guide traditional management of resources has withstood the pressure of time, of geopolitical change and is based on the experience of several generations. It would be important for the younger generation to remain involved in sustainable management of resources while managing the pressure of resource utilization (Parotta, Yeo-Chang, Camacho, 2016). This paper discusses the culturally sustainable methods adopted by indigenous communities in East Borneo and this has led to sustainable use of forest resources and helped to maintain the biodiversity of flora and fauna. The paper has described all aspects of the benefits of traditional forest management, namely, sustainability, traditional wisdom that has prevented over-exploitation of forest resources and yet some forest produce reaches the market and provides economic benefits to the local people. More elaboration on how the practices of local people could benefit policy makers would have made the study more useful. References Guze, M. L.-G.-M.-G. (2015). Shifts in indigenous culture relate to forest tree diversity: a case study from the Tsimane, Bolivian Amazon. Biological Conservation, 186, 251259. . Ormsby, A. (2013). Analysis of local attitudes toward the sacred groves of Meghalaya and Karnataka, India. Conservation and Society, 11(2):187-197. Ormsby, A., Ismail, S. (2015). Cultural and ecological insights into sacred groves: managing timber resources for improved grove conservation. Forests, trees and livelihoods, 24(4):244-258. Parotta, J., Yeo-Chang, Y., Camacho, L. (2016). Traditional knowledge for sustainable forest management and provision of ecosystem services. International journal of biodiversity science and ecosystem services management, 12(1-2):1-4. Rajesh, B. (2016). Sacred Groves: Floristic Diversity and their Role in Conservation of Nature. . Forest Research, 5:161. . Reyes-Garca, V., Paneque-Glvez, J., Luz, A., Gueze, M., Maca, M., Orta-Martnez, M., Pino, J. (2014). Cultural change and traditional ecological knowledge. An empirical analysis from the Tsimane' in the Bolivian Amazon. Human Organisation , 73(2):162-173.
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