Calculus, Leibniz and Newton Essay - 2292 Words

It is interesting to note that the ongoing controversy concerning the so-called conflict between Wilhelm Gottfried Leibniz and Isaac Newton is one that does not bare much merit. Whether one came up with the concepts of calculus are insignificant since the outcome was that future generations benefited. However, the logic of their clash does bear merit. In proposing that he was the first inventor, Leibniz states that it is most useful that the true origins of memorable inventions be known, especially of those that were conceive not by accident but by an effort of meditation. The use of this is not merely that history may give everyone his due and others be spurred by the expectation of similar praise, but also that the art of discovery†¦show more content†¦At age eighteen, Newton was admitted to Trinity College, Cambridge. Leibniz decided to acknowledge family tradition by studying law and philosophy at the University of Leipzig, where at age seventeen, he was already defendi ng his masters thesis, De Principio Individui. Newtons mathematical acumen came to the fore when he read Rene Descartes Geometry and John Wallis Arithmetica Infinitorium. It was around this time that he was convinced that he would arrive at a conclusion where by analysis could be made on geometric curve via algebra—albeit calculus. Furthermore, Newton would improve on Wallis Infinite Series by devising proofs of the various theorems. He was then conferred as a scholar at Trinity in 1664 but the following year, England was hit with plague and Cambridge was no exceptions; the university closed till 1667. By the time, Newton returned to Cambridge, he had already written material for Opticks, in which he stated that just a prism can split white light into this spectrum of colors, so can a second prism return the separated colors into white light. Consequently, he also laid foundation for one his greatest works, the law of universal gravitation—which would be published i n his Principia by the 1680s. Now speaking of calculus and improving on the work of John Wallis, he arrived at his methods of fluxions and fluents (in his unpublished work DeShow MoreRelatedThe Discovery Of Calculus : Newton And Gottfried Von Leibniz Essay1465 Words   |  6 Pagesof Calculus. In the 1600s, two men, Isaac Newton and Gottfried von Leibniz both began the study of differential and integral Calculus. During the 17th century, plagiarism was an extremely serious offense and second inventors were often put in the position to defend their right to the topic and against suspicion. Newton and Leibniz spent many years with their respective supporters defending their claim to the discovery of Calculus although today historians and mathematicians agree that Newton andRead MoreCalculus As A Part Of Modern Mathematics Education1708 Words   |  7 PagesCalculus (from Latin calculus, literally small pebble used for counting)[1] is the mathematical study of change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape and algebra is the study of operations and their application to solving equations. It has two major branches, differential calculus (concerning rates of change and slopes of curves),[2] and integral calculus (concerning accumulation of quantities and the areas under and between curves);[3] these two branches are related to each otherRead MoreHistory of Calculus Essay1186 Words   |  5 PagesHistory of Calculus The history of calculus falls into several distinct time periods, most notably the ancient, medieval, and modern periods. The ancient period introduced some of the ideas of integral calculus, but does not seem to have developed these ideas in a rigorous or systematic way. Calculating volumes and areas, the basic function of integral calculus, can be traced back to the Egyptian Moscow papyrus (c. 1800 BC), in which an Egyptian successfully calculated the volume of a pyramidalRead MoreEssay on Leibniz: The Father of Modern Calculus1208 Words   |  5 Pages Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz is an important figure in the history of philosophy and mathematics. Although his work was not fully appreciated during his day, he did much to advance the quot;thinkingquot; on a variety of subjects. His fame was scarred by the infamous controversy with Isaac Newton on the subject of the discoverer of calculus. Leibnizs work encompassed a wide scope, ranging from philosopy to politics to mechanics and mathematics, but his most noteworthy accomplishment was the discoveryRead More The Contributions of Isaac Newton Essays1626 Words   |  7 Pages Isaac Newton was born in Lincolnshire, on December 25, 1642. He was educated at Trinity College in Cambridge, and resided there from 1661 to 1696 during which time he produced the majority of his work in mathematics. During this time New ton developed several theories, such as his fundamental principles of gravitation, his theory on optics otherwise known as the Lectiones Opticae, and his work with the Binomial Theorem. This is only a few theories that that Isaac Newton contributed to the worldRead MoreCalculus As A Branch Of Mathematics1169 Words   |  5 Pagesprecursors to calculus we need to understand exactly what calculus itself is. So what is it? According to the Merriam-Webster dictionary calculus is defined as a branch of mathematics that deals mostly with rate of change and with finding lengths, areas, and volumes; it is div ided into two types: integral and differential. The calculus we have come to know and love has been around for quite some time, dating all the way back to its â€Å"creation† which is credited to Newton and Leibniz. But what if thereRead MoreCalculus : The Basic Segment Of Science And Engineering2200 Words   |  9 PagesCalculus is the branch of mathematics that deals with rates of change and motion. It was developed because of the need to explain various natural occurrences within in the universe, such as the orbits of planets, and the effects of gravity. Today, calculus is the basic segment of science and engineering. Calculus allows physical laws to be expressed in mathematical terms. In science it is valuable in the further analysis of physical laws in predicting the behavior of physical laws, and in discoveringRead MoreThe Contributions of Isaac Newton Essay1120 Words   |  5 PagesIsaac Newton (1642-1727) who co-invented calculus, discovered the Binomial Theorem, an d formulated a theory of universal gravitation (Smith). Newton has been regarded for almost 300 years as the founding exemplar of modern physical science, his achievements in experimental investigation being as innovative as these in mathematical research. Before discussing his three achievements, it is important to note that Newton had some college experience but did his significant work was at home. Newton enteredRead MoreNewtons Negative Neglect1034 Words   |  5 PagesNewtons Negative Neglect Isaac Newton faced many hardships in his lifetime, yet managed to be internationally famous for his genius mathematical and physical discoveries, and remarkable inventions. Newton was extraordinary in the sense that he was able to endure complications in life and still be an enormous success. The majority of individuals would have cracked under the predicaments Newton faced. Newton overcame neglect by suppressing his emotions, defeating limitations of his time, and becomingRead More Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Essay2087 Words   |  9 PagesAlthough Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz had no formal training as a mathematician, his contributions to the field of mathematics are still evident today. His results and work laid the groundwork for more thorough and rigorous treatments of calculus that would come later from various mathematicians. One of his most enduring legacies is the notations he used for calculus, which are still used around the world. Outside of mathematics Gottfried Leibniz m ade contributions to the fields of philosophy, law,

A Sorrowful Woman By Gail Godwin Essay - 1645 Words

A Sorrowful Woman While reading many kinds of literature about women s rights and suffrages. One of them is call â€Å"The Sorrowful Woman†. The story is a mournful story presenting the readers the heart of a woman sometimes in the 1970s. The author who wrote the story named Gail Godwin portrays a woman character in a way that shows us how women feel towards marriage and motherhood. The story sets in a home in which the typical mother has to take care of her house, husband, and child. She has to cook, do the laundry, and all the house chores that society tells women to do. However, one day she had quit her duties as a mother and wife, which shows the readers how it affects her family and herself. As I read the story about this sorrowful woman, I feel that the woman in the story is mentally ill and is a weak selfish character who only pities herself. The author describes the woman’s husband as being durable, receptive, and gentle. She also has a son whom the author describes as â€Å"a golden tender three† (Godwin 38). However, despite having a wonderful husband and a sweet child; she becomes sick of seeing them every day, and isolate herself as the story goes on. The reason for her isolation could be related to how women lived back near the 1970s. Many women in the 1970s were mothers who stayed at home to take care of their husband and children. I believe the author wanted to portray the woman in a way that shows how many women probably felt back in the 1970s, but were tooShow MoreRelatedA Sorrowful Woman By Gail Godwin932 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"A Sorrowful woman† by Gail Godwin tells a short story of a woman who feels the sorrows of being a full time wife and mother and to an extent is an attack on marriage and gender roles. In this short story Gail Godwin shows how marriage does not always lead to a p erfect life and I believe Godwin is allowing her audience to view marriage from a different perspective. For a long time in many societies especially in Africa and the middle east where the common stereotype for women, which is also a lifeRead MoreThe Sorrowful Woman By Gail Godwin1376 Words   |  6 Pageswill solve our problems. We have the false conception that marriage will bring us the perfect white picket fence, 2.4 kids and a nice dog; that our husband/wife will be ideal, and that we’ll live happily ever after. In the story The Sorrowful Woman by Gail Godwin; modern marriage is portrayed as the perfect fairytale that went horribly wrong. Godwin’s protagonist â€Å"The wife and mother† can be described as selfish and self-centered due to her unwillingness to conform to the fairytale that she findsRead MoreEssay about A Sorrowful Woman by Gail Godwin958 Words   |  4 Pageswomen.† (Tyson) In Gail Godwins’s A Sorrowful Woman, the leading female character is concentrated in her efforts in distancing from her structured lifestyle. A feminist wou ld critic Godwins story by as the female character is in pursuit of peace and happiness and wants to escape from the role she has been implanted. The critic would concentrate on the experience woman obtains when she tries to escape her role as well on how her family supports her. In Godwin’s A Sorrowful Woman, the leading femaleRead MoreComparing A Sorrowful Woman By Gail Godwin, And A Secret Sorrow By Karen Van Der Zee859 Words   |  4 PagesChildren, Marriage and Love are the three main factors of the two short stories, â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† by Gail Godwin, and â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† by Karen van der Zee. Two relationships at risk because of children. Neither of them know what to do but try to find solutions to solve their problems. They end up having different outcomes. In both stories both women face a major issue. In Godwin’s story the main female character is suffering depression and always feeling sad and tired from being around her childRead MoreThematic parallel of marriage and family in A Secret Sorrow by Karen van der Zee and A Sorrowful Woman Gail Godwin1574 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom Karen van der Zee s novel A Secret Sorrow and in Gail Godwin s short story A Sorrowful Woman, the plots center on ideas of marriage and family. Conversely, marriage and family are presented in very different lights in the two stories. Karen van der Zee presents marriage with children as perfect and completely fulfilling; it is what Faye, the protagonist of A Secret Sorrow, wants and what is necessary to her happiness. For Godwin s unnamed protagonist, marriage and family are almost theRead MoreGail Godwins Fiction Writing Essay676 Words   |  3 Pages Gail Godwin in my opinion was and still is a very talented fiction writer. She has written many nove ls and many short stories like A Sorrowful Woman and Dream Children, which is plotted around psychological realism. I enjoyed these stories because they both included realistic aspects of life. Like a woman having marital complications. By reading these stories you will see that Gail is a feminist author who explores the trials are ordeals of modern women. According to the Contemporary NovelistsRead MoreDisruptions Of Marriage By Daniel Van Der Zee s A Secret Sorrowful915 Words   |  4 Pageseternity, but during the 20th century women were viewed as house wives. Gail Godwin’s â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† and Karen Van der Zee’s â€Å"A Secret Sorrowful† illustrate how men exceed boundaries to satisfy women. These two narratives demonstrate how children can play a huge part in a couple s marriage from different perspectives. â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† and â€Å"A Secret Sorrow† demonstrate how the husbands so dearly loved their family, althou gh Godwin implies the marriage is slowly falling apart, Van der Zee revealsRead More Essay on Social Expectations in Story of an Hour and Sorrowful Woman1387 Words   |  6 Pagesand A Sorrowful Woman      Ã‚  Ã‚   Marriage does not always bring people happiness they expect.   A number of people feel trapped in their own marriages.   Mrs. Mallard in Kate Chopin’s â€Å"The Story of an Hour† and the unnamed protagonist in Gail Godwin’s â€Å"A Sorrowful Woman† are among those who experience such unfortunate.   Only one hour in her marriage did Mrs. Mallard feel really happy; that was, bizarrely, when she was told about her husband’s death.   For the female protagonist in â€Å"A Sorrowful WomanRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem A Sorrowful Woman 960 Words   |  4 Pagesmother one too many times† (Godwin 39). This short story begins with the famous opening, once upon a time, which foreshadows that the story line will be similar to a fairy tale. It raises expectations for the story that all will be magical and end happily. A typical modern-day fairy tale is that of a distressed character who overcomes an obstacle, falls in love with prin ce charming, and they ride off into the sunset; living happily ever after never to be heard from again. Godwin however, puts an unexpectedRead MoreSorrowful Women and a Story of an Hour842 Words   |  4 Pagessteady income to make the family financially stable. On the contrary, women were expected to raise the children, prepare meals and keep a tidy house. For most, this was the ideal life style that worked effectively. Throughout Gail Godwins short story, A Sorrowful Woman, the character is a component of a troubled family. Furthermore in the short story, The Story of an Hour written by Kate Chopin, the protagonist, Mrs. Mallard is notified with information that is life altering. A characters

Entrepreneurship Family Firms and Private Equity

Question: Discuss about the case study Entrepreneurship for Family Firms and Private Equity. Answer: Introduction: 1. Jason is the one who started the business and has given his 30 years to his business such that managerial decisions are influenced by feelings and responsibilities towards the business. However, nepotism is one issue that tends to exert negative influence when the company is just not a medium of business but also runs to honour family tradition (Musa Semasinghe, 2014). Nevertheless, Jasons business is an extension of himself, which makes it as a medium for personal achievement and gratification. Moreover, he is concerned for his business because he needs to pass on as the sign of legacy to a family member or a non-family member. The father to son successions are often plagued with problems like competition, control and power that result in conflicts (Long Chrisman, 2014). Since the time, Herbert has been working with Jason; Jason never found that interest in Herbert so that he could transfer his business to his son. Moreover, Herbert has been still in the process of learning but subjectively he lacks qualities of knowing the business sufficiently, followed by stability and maturity. Moreover, according to Jason, his son lacks thoroughness and prospect respect for detail. On the other hand, if the business is analysed from Jasons perspective then characteristically he has difficulty in delegating authority and also refuses to retire (Collins, et al., 2016). Jason thinks Herbert to be a reluctant successor because this succession process can prove to be a challenge for the family business because the leadership transfer to him is generally expected than prepared for. Moreover, for Jason is not only the matter of technicality but it also highlights the emotional matter of generational loss while passing the business for the need of the validation. On the other hand, when analysed from the perspective of Herbert he seems to be eager enough to take over and run the business because he has invested some years in the business hoping to take over. Moreover, he also wants to show his father that he has learned what has been taught so that his parents can appreciate him for what he offers (Neubauer Lank, 2016). This behaviour of Jason has led to certain implications. Although, Jason consciously wishes to pass his business to his son but unconsciously he thinks that to lose the business would be losing masculinity. Moreover, Jason unconsciously needs to continue his competence in the business as he himself reassures that he alone is competent enough to succeed. On the other hand, Jason (unconsciously) does not wants his son to win as he will take away the business and will displace Jason from the summit position. All these conflicting emotions makes Jason to behave in a contradictory manner such that on one side, he wants the business to succeed by passing the legacy but on the other he is still not sure whether his son will be determined like him. The pertaining differences in father and son also includes the issues like different behaviour styles whether it is communication or decision making style, gap in life stages and the difference approaches applied in the business. The generation timing between father and son has been creating conflicts not only at home but also at workplace (Melin, Nordqvist and Sharma, 2013). Moreover, with these issues in site, Jasons reluctance grows. On the other hand, his father Jason keeps Herbert in an infantile role where Herbert is still the little boy who accompanies his father to work and characterizes to be of his fathers attitude where there is resentment as well as condescension. As a result, fathers such behaviour towards his son leads to unpredictability as well as dependency being more unpalatable (Neubauer Lank, 2016). However, when analysed Jasons growing reluctance on current scenario of succession planning it is because of the changing trend in the business. Today, more than 80% of the family business does not have any succession planning because of love and emotion towards family members, complex scenario of business and non-adequacy of the advice as well as tools. When it comes to family business, only 30% of the family-owned business survives the second generation while other 70% fails. Moreover, the statistical disconnect between the optimistic belief and reality leads to lack of family business succession planning (Bailey, 2016). 2. Succession in family business is a result of complex forces that are at work in the family companies. These forces operate in transition process that is within the founder, the business as well as the family. Nevertheless, succession can be organized as a gradual process in which the successor grows under the role of owners supervision and guidance (Helin Jabri, 2016). However, Jason is in a condition where he needs to think about succession such that there is control that can be kept on his creation. There reasons that Jason is likely to view for succession are given as: Fear of Death This is one issue where entrepreneurs are driven by powerful ego and conviction to control their own destinies. Loss of Identity The entrepreneur sees himself as a personal achievement such that letting go of business can be loss of personal effectiveness and re-waken the old identity issues. Bias against Planning Review formal planning as restrictive and bureaucratic as they are doers than just planners (Gilding, Gregory Cosson, 2015). Inability to choose among children It is basis of conflict as all the children in the family needs to be treated because choosing of preferential treatment as one child is at the expense of others. Fear of Retirement The entrepreneur is in love with the business and they can review the moving out of the day-to-day operations as life-changing rather life-threatening event. This further could focus on negative considerations like the loss of self-esteem and risks assigning to an untested successor (Filser, Kraus Mrk, 2013). Jealousy and Rivalry These feelings are experienced towards potential successors that are waiting to take control of the beloved organization. Moreover, when it comes to father and son, then this can be highlight an extra psychological dimension of fear. On the other hand, this multi-dimensional concept constitutes of enormous palette of variables that not only studies the family business but also the reluctance towards planning a succession. However, succession planning depends on many other factors whether it is successors business skills, managerial capabilities, attitudinal predispositions, and knowledge of companys operations of running over the business. Moreover, the financial factors that relate to succession are taxes accompanied by investments and financial risks. However, there is one thing that Jason thinks to be of utmost concern other than external factors of market fluctuations is trust, issue, communication and cohesiveness amongst the family members (Filser, Kraus Mrk, 2013) According to the question, Jason should think of succession planning because of basic two reasons. Firstly, because of resultant heart attack and his deteriorating health (fear of death) and secondly, the concern over legacy from passing to generation to generation (loss of identity) and third dimension that can be added is fear of retirement from his beloved organization (Sharma, Chrisman, Chua, 2012). Moreover, the family also considers death as a taboo and feels Herbert should be given the legacy of the business. Jason started auto parts supply house business at the age of 33 and now its deteriorating health is creating tensions of transferring its legacy to his son, Herbert. Moreover, succession planning is important as it prepares for the unexpected event, which will not only paralyse the management but may also affect the organizations ability to execute plan if measures are not taken at the right time. Jason should think of passing its legacy to Herbert so that he could learn work from Jason as a coach, which will not only guide him, but will also help Herbert to function with efficiency. However, after analysing these concepts whether psychological, external or internal factors the resistance on succession planning is important as it adds continuity and viability to the business. Moreover, Jason should consider succession planning despite all those factors. 3. Jason needs to be convinced of transferring the ownership either to a family member or to non-family member. The recommendations are made so that the business is even at its best and there is no failure in succession planning. A typical succession planning has two components Transfer of Power and Transfer of Assets. The former explains the control of the business operations to an individual whereas the latter explains the transfer of wealth to all the designated family members. Therefore, transferring of power helps to avoid pitfalls only when the process requires planning, teamwork as well as constant re-evaluation (Desbois, 2016). However, the transferring of power can be affected in any type of business by the issues like laws, climate, economic trends, competitors, employees, conflicts as well as employees. Nevertheless, when it comes to family business then it is affected by anything whether it is relative health of the members, skill levels, marital status, various interests or the involvement in the business participation (Carroll Buchholtz, 2014). Although, the successor is selected by default if the next generation is more active, qualified, and interested in the business but if not then, then it becomes an issue and leads to certain recommendations that can be given on the event of succession planning (Helin Jabri, 2016). The three recommendations that Rebecca and Herbert can give to Jason are Firstly, Jason is not in a position to work the way he used to work before the heart attack. As a result, Jason can look forward to choose a successor from the inside the organization such that the Jason can train Herbert with other family and non-family members to form an experienced management team capable of producing a successor. Secondly, Jason may look for a non-family member to be a successor temporarily so that he can look for an immediate successor inside the company. In a way, the company may hire professional manager who can look after the company on an interim basis until the time Herbert matures in 10-15 years and takes over. Thirdly, another form of succession can take place if Jason can hire a non-family member with right talent and bring the person in the venture as an assistant so that he can learn and later can evidently become the owner of the business. Conversely, the other recommendations that can be made on the perspective of family succession is the possibility when the family members do not seem inept to handle family business. This can be done by alienation through IPO (Initial Public Offering), secondary buy out by other financial, investor, buy-back through transfer participation of shares based on norms and trade sale depending on private negotiation through mergers (Ahlers, 2014). Moreover, even if Jason adopts any one of the recommendation then also it is important for Jason that he needs to train the family (Herbert) or the non-family member to succeed in the business succession planning. However, training the successor with controllability followed by gradual transitions made in the business can be effective because letting go for any founder or for Jason as in the case, is difficult as it needs proper reassurance and support. Therefore, the transfer of power to the successor who resists trouble and subtle the conflicts with communication skills would be beneficial as the person will understand the outlook of the founder (Leach, 2016). References Ahlers, O. (2014).Family Firms and Private Equity: A Collection of Essays on Value Creation, Negotiation, and Soft Factors. Springer. Bailey, D. (2016).More than 8 out of 10 family businesses have no succession plans.Sponsored.bostonglobe.com. Retrieved 12 August 2016, from https://sponsored.bostonglobe.com/rocklandtrust/more-than-8-out-of-10-family-businesses-have-no-succession-plans/ Carroll, A. B., Buchholtz, A. K. (2014).Business and society: Ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder management. Nelson Education. Collins, L., Grisoni, L., Tucker, J., Seaman, C., Graham, S., Fakoussa, R., Otten, D. (2016).The modern family business: Relationships, succession and transition. Springer. Desbois, J. (2016).Ensuring a successful family business management succession(Doctoral dissertation, NOVASchool of Business and Economics). Filser, M., Kraus, S., Mrk, S. (2013). Psychological aspects of succession in family business management.Management Research Review,36(3), 256-277. Gilding, M., Gregory, S., Cosson, B. (2015). Motives and outcomes in family business succession planning.Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice,39(2), 299-312. Helin, J., Jabri, M. (2016). Family business succession in dialogue: The case of differing backgrounds and views.International Small Business Journal,34(4), 487-505. Leach, P. (2016).Family Enterprises: The Essentials. Profile Books. Long, R. G., Chrisman, J. J. (2014).Management succession in family business(pp. 371-387). Melin, L., Nordqvist, M. and Sharma, P. eds., 2013.The SAGE handbook of family business. Sage. Musa, B. M., Semasinghe, D. M. (2014). Leadership Succession Problem: an Examination of Small Family Businesses. Neubauer, F., Lank, A. G. (2016).The family business: Its governance for sustainability. Springer. Neubauer, F., Lank, A. G. (2016).The family business: Its governance for sustainability. Springer. Sharma, P., Chrisman, J. J., Chua, J. H. (Eds.). (2012).A review and annotated bibliography of family business studies. Springer Science Business Media.

Drawing on the experience of your own countries Essay Example For Students

Drawing on the experience of your own countries Essay The arguments in his article were based on the explanation of the East Simians economic success from a simple neoclassical point of views which was rejected by Amassed, Haggard and Hughes. In addition, we reviewed the arguments of He IL concerning the Chinese model as per the requirement of the topic. Further, we opened up the discussion by discussing political, government regimes and economic growth of our individual countries Liberia, Central Tirana Republic, Cambodia, and Ghana. We concluded our discussions by tracing through the works of the above researchers to note the extent to which the Chinese economic development model could be applicable in our countries. Neo-classical Arguments Endorsed by Robert Wade Firstly, the argument started with the rejection of simplistic neck;-classical explanation Of East Asian economies economic development success by Helen Hughes. Her strong point of argument is: What policies have been critical to economic success in East Asia? She noted keen export-oriented driven economy policies and other policy strands i. E. Political stability, rule of law, economic policies that did not distort prices, successful macroeconomic management, development of all economic sectors, especially the agriculture, public investment in social and physical infrastructural facilities was productive, overspent provided the environment for growth, and also the private sector made the right investments, despite the risk and uncertainty was exposed to international competition and became efficient and profitable. James Ridded also somehow argued in this line of thoughts. The evidence of his argument was his citation of the role of governments Windsurfers incentives and attitudinal protectionism in Hong Kong and the Republic of Korea respectively. Wade concurred with Hughes on the point of private enterprises playing a major role in economic development success of East Asian countries. He also endorsed Riddles argument that markets allocate resources better than do central decision makers without markets. According to Wade, the Korean economic was successful based on four factors or indicators: (a) The gain in its relative economic command over world resources, measured by the increase in per capita income expressed in US. Dollars. (b) Trade performance (c) Industrial transformation (d) The removal of poverty, the elimination of severe economic hardship, the expansion Of positive rights. Generally, the Korean and Taiwan economies were successful partly, based on the fact that the government played very influential roles, i. the government allowed the right prices to prevail, cites the fact that the government set high real interest rates through the banking system, as is right in a capital scare economy. 1 Amens interpretation of Korean economic development success ran counter to neo-classical arguments and sometimes ignored or treated with indifference in neo-classical Liberals accounts to Korea. According to her the following conditions/measures were crucial to Korean economic suc cess: (a) The Korean state has acted as entrepreneur, banker, and shaper of industrial structure. What his means is that the role of the Korean government is significant and cannot be ignored. (b) The state deliberately distorted the price structure by way of among other things, subsidies, protection, price controls, and restrictions on incoming and outgoing movements of finance and direct investment. This has generated an industrial structure different from what unguided entrepreneurs would have produced on their own. (c) The actions of the Korean state have been complemented by those of large, diversified business groups that have come to occupy a dominant position in the economy. The behavior of the business roof contributed so much to GAP Of the Korean economy. The Lesson learnt is in economies where there is clear dichotomy of the roles and the private sector, the result is economic growth. (d) The State not only actively promoted the growth of the business groups, also disciplined their use of subsidies and Other supports, rewarding those Who use subsidies well With further help and withdrawing support from those who do not. Its relations with them are anything but the arms length relations between government and firms sanctioned by neo. Classical theory. He state also strongly encouraged firms to export, thereby subjecting them to intense competition in foreign markets. Success of the Business groups in the export market became the main criterion of good use of the subsidies. The neo- classical theory does suggest that that is quite a good proxy tort efficient use of resources According to Amassed, the Korean economic success could also be explained partl y as a response of the Korean state to the conditions of late industrialization. According to her, the lower labor costs of Korean state as late industrialized offered partial advantage in such competition. The labor force was much unskilled and the lower cost could not compensate for differences n productivity. The late industrialized all tend particularly, to develop an entrepreneurial State and diversified business groups. The State provided subsidies and protection for the Korean firms to enable the Korean industries enter the export markets on a sizable scale so that they can be competitive. The business groups Of the late industrialized diversification into many different often unrelated industries in order to spread risks and allow cross. Subsidizing of entry into a varied portfolio of necessarily low-end products. They first focused more on shop-floor level of organization on the production recess itself because that is where borrowed technology is first made operational and later optimized. Amassed makes a hypothesis point: Leading firms in late industrialization countries, if they are to penetrate world markets, must adopt unusually pro-active production and operations management policies Her notion of pro-active production means policies that assign high-quality managers to the shop-floor and inspire initiative on the part of such managers to develop the skills of the work force and to improve process performance. According to her that is the possibility path that productivity gap could be close twine developed and developing countries. As a follow up argument Amassed noted that the general proprieties of an industrialization process based on learning, or borrowing, technology are entirely different from those of an industrialization process based on the generation of new products or processes the hallmark of the First and Second Industrial Revolutions. Thus, the late acquisition of international competitiveness has given rise to certain common tendencies in Otherwise diverse countries Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Turkey, Brazil, and Mexico. To conclude on the argument of Amassed, the balance roles and responsibilities Of the State, business groups and markets; one can explain What worked right and launched the Asian Tigers on development trajectory is the subsidy. The subsidy serves as a symbol of late industrialization The First Industrial Revolution was built on Laissez-fairer, the Second on infant industry protection. In late industrialization, the foundation is the subsidy which includes both protection and financial incentives, The allocation of subsidies has rendered the government not merely a banker, as Crosschecking(1962) conceived it, but an entrepreneur, using the subsidy to decide what, when, and how much to reduce. Wade summarized Amassed arguments as tantalizingly through learning, learning through reciprocity between government and diversified business groups, reciprocity involving price-distorting subsidies in exchange for performance. 91)_ According to Wade that is how Amassed thought late industrialization of East Asia Tigers, especially South Korea, could be understood. Going by her argument neither Centenarians nor the global Prism approaches can explain the common tendencies of the late industrialists; still less can the Key feature Of the Korean economy is the efficient and effective social organization i. E. Super-effective deployment of its labor force, to discipline and trai n it as fast as possible. Divorce A Life Changing Experience EssayAccording to Roundhead(2007), the major concerns of Liberia reform and recovery leadership can be summarized in four broad themes: How to reconstruct a competent civil service , and ultimately a public sector that is capable of managing the recovery and development process; How to assert the governments priorities while exercising effective ownership of the recovery and development process; How to create employment to address the needs of large youth populations while at the same time finding ways to discourage roomer combatants from returning to violence: and How to balance the need to address urgent problems in the short term with the development of broad policy strategies. Capacity for managing development is very crucial for the restructuring and development of the Librarian economy, Currently in Liberia there is shortage of skilled and semi-skilled workers as a result of years of neglect to education system. In addition, there is a vast pool of under-skilled, unskilled and unemployed people. The state management structure in Liberia has been likened to a ledge With a thin layer of people with Strong academic credentials at he top of the government. These people usually have work experience overseas With international institutions, academia or private sector. Below them, however, there is an almost total absence of relevant skills, capabilities and competence(p. 6). The government in that regards instituted so many initiatives including the one-stop shop policy aimed primarily at making entry into Liberia easier for potential investors and returning nationals. Another priority of the Librarian Government is capacity for ownership. The civil service leadership could he divided into technical and managerial layers. These layers must have the required technical and managerial skills to deliver goods and services on a day-to-day basis. At the higher level those in power should be able to drive the direction of the recovery and push forward what they see as appropriate policy choices. This is not a challenge unique to Liberia, it is often encountered in countries that rely extensively on development aid, and where the international community takes an active, even activist, role in national policy and planning processes'(p. 8) The other themes stated above as development focus of the Librarian Government are worth pursuing because it will protect the Liberia economy from future violence and economy desalination. Central African Republic The Central African Republic is located at the heart of Africa. It shares boundaries with many countries; on the north by Chad, on the east by Sudan, on the south by the Democratic Republic of Congo (DROP?the former Zaire) and the Republic of the Congo (ROCK), and on the west by Cameroon, With a total boundary length of 5,203 km (3,233 mi). The Bangui and Embosom rivers form much of the southern border; the eastern border coincides With the divide between the threshed of the Nile and the Zaire Rivers. The Central African Republic capital city, Bangui, is located in the southwestern part Of the country. Government and Political Regimes The 1959 constitution was suspended after the January 1366 coup, and the National Assembly was dissolved. An imperial constitution issued in December 1976 lapsed with Bazookas fall in 1979. A new constitution was promulgated on 6 February 1981 after 97. 4% of the voters had approved it in a referendum. It provided for the election of a president and National Assembly why universal adult suffrage, and it allowed multiple parties. It was suspended after the military coup of I September 1981 All executive and legislative power was assumed by the ruling Military Committee for National Recovery (Commit © Military pour el Readjustment National), headed by Gene. And © Goggling, This committee was disbanded in 1385. A new constitution adopted by plebiscite on 21 November 1986 established a one-party state and a 52-member National Assembly; simultaneously, Goggling was elected unopposed to a six-year term as president. The National Assembly provided a forum for debate, but it had little substantive impact on government policy. In 1931 , Goggling was forced to legalize opposition parties. After the Supreme Court invalidated a 1992 election, new elections were conducted successfully in September 1993. For the 1993 elections, the unicameral National Assembly was enlarged to 85 members. Goggling baas defeated. A new president, Angel-F ©Xix Petals ©, was installed and a graceful transition to multiparty democracy took place. The new coalition government was headed by the MILL and included members of three other parties. The Economic and Regional Council advises the National Assembly. Constitutional reforms passed by referendum in 1994 and instituted in 1995 and 1996 created a stronger prime minister, a constitutional court, and created regional assemblies. On 15 March 2003, former army Chief Bozo © seized power in a coup, declared himself president, dissolved parliament, and suspended the constitution. Prior to the March 2003 coup, the constitution provided for an independent judiciary, although it was subject to executive interference. The president could veto legislation, although the legislature could override his veto, and he could rule by decree under special conditions. Members of the National Assembly served five-year terms. Suffrage was universal at age 21. After his assumption of power, Bozo © indicated he would appoint a transitional council to replace the National Assembly, and that elections would soon be held. He did not indicate when those elections would be held, however. The ruling MILL emerged from the November and December 1998 elections with 47 Seats out Of the expanded Gig-member national assembly. The 3RD got 20 seats, and nine other parties and independents shared the remaining 42 seats. The opposition had a parliamentary majority, Which was reversed With the defection of an opposition member of parliament to the government side and its allies. In June 1999, the new Prime Minister Ancient Georges Ideologue Of MILL formed a 25-member cabinet in which four portfolios went to the opposition. In the previous government of national unity the opposition had 10 cabinet positions. Economic Growth The Central African Republic (CAR) has a basically agricultural economy supplemented by the export of diamonds. Agriculture engages about 85% of the workforce and produces about halt of GAP. Food crops?manioc (tapioca), corn, millet, bananas, and rice?are grown on low-technology farms for domestic consumption. Coffee, tobacco, timber and cotton are the CARs principal export ropes, The large forest reserves support growth in timber exports; timber accounted for 38% of export earnings in 2001 Livestock production grew in the early 19905 as the northern limit of the tsetse fly zone retreated south, Diamond output leads the mining sector, with sales of uncut diamonds contributing approximately of export revenues in 2001. Published figures on production levels for diamond mines are considered unreliable, due to widespread smuggling and mine owners attempts to minimize their exposure to export taxes. It is possible there are oil deposits along Cameramans northern border With Chad. The country suffers as a result Of its isolation from its major markets, deteriorating transportation infrastructure, and largely unskilled workforce. The communication network also is limited. Economic growth stagnated between 1989 and 1991, severely affected by declining world prices for its exports. In 1994. The CUFF franc was devalued. This had the effect of increasing diamond, timber, coffee, and cotton exports, resulting in a 5% growth in GAP.

Kraft Foods Company

Free Essays on Jury Process

In a criminal trial the way an â€Å"impartial jury† is selected is: first representatives from a cross-section of the population are selected, what this means is that the pool of persons from which the actual juries are drawn must be approximate a fair representative cross section of the local population (99). The names come from voter registration, or in some states also licenses. Then these people are summoned and they must come to the courthouse, on the specified date. Both the prosecution and the defense are able to review some information about the potential jurors. Then they have a certain number of preemptory challenges in which they may strike those in which they feel a hunch or intuition about, which is used on both sides to eliminate â€Å"extremes of partiality†(131). When this is done, the jury is â€Å"impartial† which is not always the case. The history of the jury is really long and has a lot of facts; I’ll try to break it down. In the beginning of the jury system, the qualities looked for in a juror are very different than what we look for today. Back then people wanted jurors who had an understanding of the conscience of the community (18). They wanted the juries peers who were those who reside near him, his neighbor and those who were well acquainted with him, this also was conflicting because they wanted impartiality which was hard if you held certain biases or prejudices against the defendant, or you knew someone who had a bias against him. This was known as the local knowledge model. Their was a lot of controversy between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalist, because the Federalists claim was that for a trial to lack partiality the geography of justice needed to be enlarged, the Anti-Federalists were very much in favor of local juries, they believed that local juries were more beneficial to the com mon man. The jury at this time was only limited to white males who had property, so there was a chunk o... Free Essays on Jury Process Free Essays on Jury Process In a criminal trial the way an â€Å"impartial jury† is selected is: first representatives from a cross-section of the population are selected, what this means is that the pool of persons from which the actual juries are drawn must be approximate a fair representative cross section of the local population (99). The names come from voter registration, or in some states also licenses. Then these people are summoned and they must come to the courthouse, on the specified date. Both the prosecution and the defense are able to review some information about the potential jurors. Then they have a certain number of preemptory challenges in which they may strike those in which they feel a hunch or intuition about, which is used on both sides to eliminate â€Å"extremes of partiality†(131). When this is done, the jury is â€Å"impartial† which is not always the case. The history of the jury is really long and has a lot of facts; I’ll try to break it down. In the beginning of the jury system, the qualities looked for in a juror are very different than what we look for today. Back then people wanted jurors who had an understanding of the conscience of the community (18). They wanted the juries peers who were those who reside near him, his neighbor and those who were well acquainted with him, this also was conflicting because they wanted impartiality which was hard if you held certain biases or prejudices against the defendant, or you knew someone who had a bias against him. This was known as the local knowledge model. Their was a lot of controversy between the Federalists and the Anti-Federalist, because the Federalists claim was that for a trial to lack partiality the geography of justice needed to be enlarged, the Anti-Federalists were very much in favor of local juries, they believed that local juries were more beneficial to the com mon man. The jury at this time was only limited to white males who had property, so there was a chunk o...

Report on Burberry's Success- the 4 P's of marketing Essay

Report on Burberry's Success- the 4 P's of marketing - Essay Example It has also been noticed that the products under the Prorsum collection had been widely consumed by the celebrities such as Kate Moss, Stella Tennant and Mario Testino among others. During recent years, the brand has introduced another line of products known as the Burberry Brit. It is worth mentioning that in the year 2009, the Burberry Brit collection had contributed to almost 80% of the total sales of the company. Other than apparels, the brand also offers a wide range of leather goods such as bags and shoes. The brand offerings also include a variety of fashionable accessories such as scarves and travel and laundry bags, sunglasses, and key rings among others. The brand also marks its presence in the children wear segment in the global fashion industry (Nomura Equity Research, 2012; Liberum Capital, 2011). Price The products offered by Burberry are mostly high-end products which are quite expensive and appear under the tag of Burberry Prorsum. However, the products that appear under the tag of Burberry Brit are relatively low-end products in terms of its price range. For instance, similar products under the Prorsum collection may cost quite less than that under the Brit collection (Nomura Equity Research, 2012). Illustratively, the price of Burberry Prorsum trench coats for women ranges from US$ 1500 to US$ 3000. The price of women shirts of Burberry Prorsum ranges from US$ 295 to US$ 1000. ... The price for boy’s coats ranges from US$ 175 to US$ 1300 and that of girl’s coats ranges from US$ 195 to US$ 295 in the children section (Burberry, n.d.). Place Burberry has a worldwide presence and operates in various places all over the globe. Within European region, the brand has been operating in several countries such as Australia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, Switzerland and Netherlands among others. In America, the brand has been carrying out its business operations in Brazil, Canada and United States among others. Apart from these western markets, the brand has a significant presence within the Asia Pacific and Middle East region as well (Burberry, n.d.). However, in terms of flagship markets, the brand is not quite prominent in the global market. In this respect, the brand can be learnt as opting to start off various flagship stores in the mainland as well as other places. It is worth mentioning that the brand has inaugurat ed almost 26 new stores in the mainland during the years 2010 and 2011. This includes the flagship stores in Beijing as well. Apart from these, the brand also included almost 39 concession stores. In relation with the flagship cluster strategy, the brand can be learnt to commence its new stores, especially in the high profile markets (Scribd Inc, 2012). Promotion During the recent times, Burberry had been widely utilising the digital media for its promotional purpose. This strategy facilitated the brand to have better communication and connectivity with the targeted young group of customers and also to enhance the brand awareness amid the market. The brand also introduced its website known as the Burberry World which assisted the customers to improve their

Uses of Bt insect resistance in agriculture Essay

Uses of Bt insect resistance in agriculture - Essay Example Uses of Bt insect resistance in agriculture This remarkable finding which happened in 1911 was not the first time Bt went under close inspection; in the Far East, ten years before, a Japanese scientist who was investigating the almost instantaneous death of silkworms first discovered it. More than a century has now passed since Bt's discovery, and for more than half of it, Bt has been used as a natural insecticide, being sprayed onto crops. (Shelton 2008) But just how does Bt work in the first place' Unlike Dichlorodiphenyltricloroethane, which has been known to be a three-letter acronym for the words notorious killer because of its infamousness in inflicting damage to organisms it should not, Bt is not a contact poison. Bt has to be eaten first before it can poison any unsuspecting insect. B. thuringiensis has spores which contain crystal proteins or cry proteins. When ingested by an insect, the active insecticidal crystal protein or (ICP) breaks down in the insect's gut and releases a toxin called delta-endotoxin. This delta-endotoxin then reacts with certain receptors on the intestinal lining and makes pores causing the leakage of its contents and paralyzation of the insect's digestive system resulting to insect death. The killing is a slow process that may take hours or even days. (Shelton 2008) However, it must be noted that because of the paralysis of the insect’s digestive system, the insect soon stops eating. Immediately dead or not, the goal of saving the crops fr om mass mastication of unwanted living forms is definitely achieved. (Office of Biotechnology at Iowa State University 2008) Bt may not be as fast a killer as the conventional insecticides are, but in this ever health conscious world, speed is not the only thing to consider. Synthetic insecticides such as those whose active ingredient is DDT have been banned in many countries and for a number of good reasons. And it is because of such reasons why many farmers choose Bt over it; human safety, of course, is the primary concern. (Bassein 2008) As mentioned, Bt has been used for more than 50 years now as an effective insecticide. So far, there are no reports of it harming anyone. And the underlying reason according to experts is the fact that Bt toxins are toxic only to certain insects; truly, this is good news for bees and beekeepers alike. The rationale' The receptors which are present in the insects' guts are not found in most other organisms, in mammals, and most importantly, in humans. (Federal Ministry of Education and Research 2008) The different strains of B. thuringiensis produce different delta-endotoxins, each "catering" to a specific order of insect. The most common of Bt's cry proteins are those that belong to the Cry1 class which are toxic to lepidopterous insects (e.g. moths such as the European corn borer, butterflies). It is also the most active ingredient in most Bt-based commercial insecticides today. Other proteins belong to the Cry2 class which unlike their Cry1 counterparts, produce a single, smaller crystal per cell. This class is toxic to insects belonging in both the Lepidoptera and Diptera (e.g. flies and mosquitoes) orders. There is also the Cry3 class which poisons the coleopterous (e.g. beetles like the

Healthcare Right Or Privilege Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Healthcare Right Or Privilege - Essay Example If the concept of healthcare is deemed as a right, healthcare as a privilege becomes self-evident and contradictory with the definition of right itself. Those, who are willing to argue that healthcare is a right, simultaneously propose a bunch of policies that ultimately turns healthcare as privilege. In this regard, Brian T. Schwarz (2008) says, â€Å"Ironically, those who claim health care is â€Å"a right and not a privilege† support policies that make it a privilege† (p.1). Even both theoretically and ethically healthcare as a privilege are more reasoning than it as a right. Since philosophically the definition of right pivots on the commonality of the individuals’ ability to do and to have anything that sustains them both physically and mentally, the concept of healthcare as a right requires some additional attributes. Healthcare is a Product produced by those in this Field In the first place, healthcare as a right asserts that one has the right to take care of one’s health to avail themselves of the available healthcare options. Also the basic concept of ‘right’ ensures that one’s right must not be entitled to what others produce without their consents. That is, one’s right must not harm others’ right. In the following lines MA Faria (1997) delineates what natural right is and what a state’s role in preserving it is: â€Å"Natural rights embody the concept of individual autonomy and negative rights that are inalienable and inherent to human beings. Natural rights†¦..like human rights can be exercised by all individuals simultaneously without infringing and trampling on the rights of others.† (p.98) If analyzed deeply, it will be evident that â€Å"healthcare consists of diagnoses and treatments by highly-trained medical professionals. It involves sophisticated products, instruments, and tests designed and developed at great investment, effort, and cost by scientists, enginee rs, and entrepreneurs. That is, people produce health care† (Schwarz, 2008, p. 2). The pattern of healthcare market in the USA has flourished to the stage at which the status of healthcare as a product has been rather boosted up by the mode the production of healthcare service. On one hand, the US healthcare industry has excelled both qualitatively and quantitatively in the past few decades. On the other hand, healthcare-cost has increased many times, as it is said in an article, According to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Americans spent $1.3 trillion, or 13.2 percent of the gross domestic product, on health care in 2000. Since the mid-1960s, health care costs have increased at double-digit levels, far exceeding the rate of inflation. (Barlett & James, 2006, p. 34) In the face of the increasing cost of medical-care in the private, the Health Saving Account was started as a tax advantaged medical savings account in 2003. Health saving account (HSA) is an inv estment in individual health an option differentiated from health insurance cover. In this account the patient deposits savings in order to pay for their health care needs. This account allows people to pay for current health expenses and save for future medical and retiree health expenses on a tax-free basis. The goal of these

Case Study on Big Pharmas Marketing Tactics

Case Study on Big Pharmas Marketing Tactics Case Study On The Big Pharmas Marketing Tactics In The Pharmaceutical Industry Facts And Assumptions The term ‘Big Pharma is a terminology used to refer to the pharmaceutical industry. The name relates to peoples strong belief that it has played an active role in the ever increasing complicity and costs of health care. There is a crisis in the health care sector and it is believed that the Pharmaceutical Companies have abandoned science and resorted to salesmanship. No reasonable progress is currently being made in the industry due to the negative perception created by unscrupulous marketing strategies being employed (Archie 2009). Doctors should prescribe drugs to patients but are never expected to do marketing and advertising of their products and services. The other fact in the case study is that unethical business practices such as Pfizers off-label marketing practices and undue influence to medicines that should be prescribed by doctors to patient, normally lead to a likely increase in the cost of medical services due to the unfair and unleveled competition. The assumptio n among most people, which is not the truth, is that all pharmaceutical companies engage in dubious marketing tactics. The other assumption is that the Big Pharma companies sell unethical drugs. However, the truth is that the company sells ethical drugs even though the marketing strategies employed by the company are of questionable standards. Major Overriding Issues There are a number of problems in the case study.   One of the overriding issues is that Pfizer Company illegally did the marketing of Neurontin anti-seizer drug. The fact that pharmaceutical industry has decided to lay a lot of emphasis in the marketing of pills and other related drugs rather than developing new crucial ones is an issue of concern too. Drugs firms have also been accused of marketing drugs for purposes that have not been prescribed by the renowned drug and food administration department. Accusations of off-labeling illegal marketing policies and other related marketing wrongs have also emerged as a major problem in the industry. This is a very serious problem which has compromised the integrity and ethical standards of doctors and the entire pharmaceutical industry. Sub-issues And Related Issues The ‘Big Pharma companies have been accused of participating in unethical business practices. Medical students have been hired to companies even before they graduate from their medical schools.   This is a likely act of poaching talented skills in the market without following the right recruitment process and laid down procedures and policies in the industry. Furthermore, methods such as offering doctors underserved holiday packages, expensive gifts and other kickbacks, have been used to compromise the integrity of the industry as doctors who are given these favours are expected to recommend the specific companys drugs thus boosting the performance of the companys in the competition. The costs of drugs have continued to skyrocket due to lack of control of the market practices. Analysis And Evaluation Medical practitioners such as doctors, pharmaceuticals, governments and other law enforcement agencies, pharmaceutical companies, and the entire public that seek medical services are the major stakeholders in the industry. The governments stake in the case is its responsibility and duty to ensure that their subject receive the right medical services they deserve. People have a right to a healthy life and proper medical services. The government also benefit through the taxes paid by other stakeholders in the pharmaceutical industry. The doctors stake in the industry is based on the fact that for them to grow in their career and attain self fulfillment, they have to ensure that the sick people get proper medical care. Their salaries and duration of being employed would also be determined to a greater extent by the standards they maintain in the market. Expensive medical serviced would lead to a decline in customers due to very costly services hence low income. The pharmaceutical industry, research institutes and shareholders in the company have an interest of maximizing profits and making the highest gains possible in their various investments made in the industry. Unscrupulous and corrupt means being employed by the pharmaceutical companies and some medical practitioners compromises the integrity and ethical standards of the industry. It also leads to decline in the performance of most pharmaceuticals organizations. CSR Analysis Pfizer Company has the responsibility of ensuring that it regulates the costs of medical services and products under its line of operation. Good pricing would also make more people to receive better healthcare services since they would be in a position to afford the prescribed drugs. It also has the ethical responsibility of using ethical marketing tactics that would benefit both the company and the community of persons who uses its products. Legally, the company must ensure that it follows the due marketing process, price regulation standards, marketing policies hence fully adhering to the rule of law. Such efforts would lead to fair competition in the marketing thus other pharmaceutical companies (competitors) in the industry would have an opportunity to compete on a fair platform. The government would receive the necessary taxes while doctors would live a more fulfilled life with good salaries and wages being received. Proper CSR would help in facilitating efforts to reach a solut ion to the health care problem. Evaluation The case mainly involves Pfizer Pharmaceutical Company in its use of very questionable marketing tactics. The company used very unscrupulous methods in marketing the Neurontin anti-seizer drugs and doing off label-marketing of the painkiller Bextra and other medicines in order to lure more customers into using their medicines. Rather than employing such unfair and unethical marketing tactics, the company should instead have followed the normal marketing channel of producing medicine and simply alerting the medicine practitioners through various existing hospital departments of the existence of their medicines. It is indeed the discretion of the doctors, upon their tests and knowledge, to choose which medicines to prescribe to the patients without any undue external influence. Recommendations And Implementations Various relevant laws and policies need to be put into practice. This would ensure easier market control measures meant to ensure that any unethical practices in the industry are curbed. Guidelines on how marketing by pharmaceutical companies should be carried ought to be clearly stipulated. In order to ensure ethical practices are adhered to, education and public awareness forums should be carried to the stakeholders. Doctors should also be protected against selfish companies that demand, threaten and force them into prescribing certain company drugs. Control mechanisms of the cost of healthcare also need to be put into place in order to ensure that customers are not exploited by selfish and unscrupulous medical practitioners. In addition to that, serious penalties and in some instances, nullification of trade licenses should be enforced to companies and individual persons who use unethical marketing tactics. Appendix: Stakeholder Map Work Cited Archie B.C. Business Ethics: A Brief Readings on Vital Topics, a collection of his columns. Athens Banner-Herald Publishers, 2009

Pursuing a PhD in English Literature Essay -- College Admissions Essay

Pursuing a PhD in English Literature Education has always been the highest priority in my family. After attending university and graduate school in the US, my parents moved to Florida, turning down a masters in architecture at Harvard for my mother for a position at an engineering firm for my father. Still relatively new to this country and language, my mother established her own architectural firm. In the midst of this transition, both spatially and professionally, my parents insisted on sending my brother to an expensive private school. My mother was trying to get her own firm going at the time and money was scarce. Yet the first priority was always to provide the best education for both my brother and myself no matter what the cost. Along with this focus on education, my parents have also seen it necessary to give us exposure to other cultures. Born into a family that is already multicultural, my very large extended family also helped in this regard. With relatives located in Paris, Tokyo, Seoul, Chile, as well as being spread out through most of the US, we had the opportunity to travel extensively even early on when money was scarce. These trips were always as much education as they were entertainment with a strong focus on exposing us to the arts. Museums, theater, and historical site always took precedent over relaxation and leisure. As a result of this upbringing, I have always been extremely focused on my academic pursuits. In high school I participated in numerous competitions and had my curriculum restructured to challenge me. In the end, I graduated a year early, over-eager to go to college. In retrospect this may have been a mistake. I fell into the stereotypical trap of assuming I could coast t... ...le fulfilling my parent’s own desires. Entering into academics fulfils their desires for a son with a graduate degree and a respectable career while maintaining my own interests. While my interests have developed beyond simple admiration for the texts, at the core I chose this particular path with the intent of working with something I love. Thus, my multicultural background has provided me with the education and the focus I needed. However it simultaneously hindered my interests, for a while at least. It is a continuing struggle to balance my Korean heritage with my American upbringing, embodied not in the least by my academic and professional concerns. My parents provided me with an excellent education, both formally and in our personal lives, yet the obligation incurred nearly pressured me into pursuing a life that would have been at its core dishonest.

The Beautiful Country

Most people who live in the country dream of someday moving to the city and living a different life. Upon weighing the options, one may find that although sometimes boring, country life has much more to offer than city life such as better opportunities, better environment, and fresher food. The first advantage the country has over the city is greater oppurtunity. Although the city is filled with opportunities such as better education. The Country offers more of hands on experience while learning.The city is highly Populated, which makes it a lot harder to have any teacher to student bonding. However, in the country, less students are in each classroom, so it is easier for the teacher and student to interact. The jobs in the city are considered to be more mental than physical, which can cause mental strain on a person's mind. Although, in the country the jobs are more physical than mental. Physical work can cause pain in the long run, but mental strain has a higher risk to cause life threatening issues.When it comes down to making friends in the city a person has a low chance. The city has enough people to make friends, but most of the people in the city are too busy to take time out of their lifr to even introduce theirselves to one another. However, the country is filled with nice, friendly people that are looking forward to making new friends daily. A better environment is a huge benefit to living in the country. Living in the city, the view is usually the same no matter where you go. The buildings in the city seem never ending.The tallness of the buildings and the graffiti that usually cover them eliminate any chance of a good view outside your window. Because the city is lit up twenty-four hours a day, the chance of catching a glimpse of the stars is also very rare. The constant sound of sirens and car horns eliminate any possibility of a good night’s sleep as well. Pollution is also greater in the city than in the country. Because there are a lot mo re people in the city, there are many more cars on the road. There are also more factories for these people to work which also aids in the pollution in the city.In the country, there are hardly any tall buildings. Residents of the country can usually step outside of their home and see a long stretch of green grass. The stars are almost always shining at night and the only sounds one may here while trying to go to sleep are the crickets chirping. Pollution is a lesser issue in the country as well. There are fewer people in the country which means fewer cars on the road. Because many people have their own farmland and make money that way, the need for factories for jobs is not as great in the country.

Electoral College2 essays

Electoral College2 essays The electoral college is a confusing way of conducting an election. It is a method that has confused me, and many other people for quite some time. The amount of electoral votes that each state is worth depends on how many people that state has in the House of Representatives and then add the two senators. So for instance Maine has 4 electoral votes as compared to Californas 54. In 48 states and in the District of Columbia it is winner take all. Meaning that all the votes these places are worth will go to one candidate. Maine and Nebraska are unique, because the votes they are worth can indeed be split up among the candidates. Many people argue that this is the way each state should work. Many people also disagree. The electoral college has snubbed the overall popular vote winner three times in nations history. In my mind a democracy should run in a manner that would be majority rules. Popular vote would be the best way to choose our nations leaders. If not the best way, than at least fairest way. ...

CO2 essays

CO2 essays It would be very interesting to see whether CO2 can be detected in the everyday air that we breathe. If it can be detected, then what does that say about its effects on the individuals who are breathing that same air on a regular and consistent basis? A discovery like this could lead to such questions as; will the long-term effects of the detected CO2 in the air be a major cause of disease or illness on the nearby population, and if it is, what type of measures can be taken to alleviate this potential threat. The first event that should take place upon such a discovery is to determine the source of the CO2 and then determine what needs to happen in order to clean up the air. Some of the measures that could be taken consist of attempts to clean up the air by raising the standards on levels of CO2 dispensed into the air by the sources. In this case however, the suspected CO2 was not detected as the choice of outside air turned the balloon blue which showed there was no CO2 contained therein. This is actually a good thing because it shows that many of the standards implemented in the past constraining the various sources of pollution have been quite effective. A study was conducted to compare the various levels of CO2 in different samples including; outside air (YC), wine bottle (WB), car exhaust (CA), room air (RA) and human breath (HB). In effect, what was being sought was a determination of not only the levels of CO2, but how those levels were created or came to pass, and if such levels would be dangerous to those who came in contact with them, or if they would only have a benign affect on anyone coming in contact with them. The methodology of the experiment was conducted by collecting the samples and then exposing those samples (one at a time) to a limited amount of Bromothymol Blue (BTB) contained in a balloon in which the samples were also placed. Depending on the amount of acids present in the var...

History and Development of Violin Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

History and Development of Violin - Term Paper Example While the violin is generally associated with European classical music, the instrument itself first emerged in the 9th century Byzantine Empire. In terms of the first written records of the instrument Persian geographer Ibn Khurradadhbih is noted as the first to write about the instrument. Khurradadhbih noted that the instrument was a bowed Byzantine lira; this geographer compared the violin to a rabab, a similar stringed instrument used by the Byzantines during this time (Sandys 2006). From these early incarnations the violin steadily gained popularity. During the 11th and 12th centuries the instrument gradually gained popularity throughout Europe and general western regions. This period also contains increased written reference to the violin. While it had not yet taken on the contemporary articulations, writers during these centuries frequently referred to the instrument as a fiddle or lira. While the violin would later become the predominant stringed instrument, its acceptance dur ing the 11th and 12th centuries was greatly aided by the spread of a variety of stringed instruments throughout Europe; for instance, rabab gained great prominence during this period of European history (Sandys 2006). Indeed, the modern incarnation of the violin would emerge from a hybridization of many of these stringed instruments. ... While the lira da braccio was originally regarded as the less aristocratic way of playing the instrument, holding the device in the hands would later become the accepted practice, ultimately giving way to the modern incarnation of the violin. The first incarnation of the modern violin emerged in 16th century Italy. The most prominent area for the violin during this period was the Brescia area, as existing documents from the late 16th century note that Brescia was home to hotbed of musical talent. Still, the word violin is recorded as early as 1540 in Italian documents (Sandys 2006). Although there are no surviving violins from this period, there do exist considerable visual depictions of the instrument from the mid-16th century Italian era. In terms of the first maker of the violin, there continues to be considerable debate on the subject. The most pervasive theory is that Andrea Amati constructed the first violin on order from the Medici family who desired the construction of an ins trument that could be used by street musicians. There are a number of prominent considerations when examining the violin’s construction and mechanics. The typical violin consists of a spruce top. This is also referred to as the soundboard. The violin is then composed with maple ribs, a back, two endblocks, a neck, a bridge, a soundpost, four strings, and then a chin rest (Stowell 1993). The violin has an hour-glass shape and is accompanied by a series of other smaller components. In these regards, the violin contains a neck with a fingerboard. The neck is the area where the musician manipulates the strings with their fingers as a means of playing different chords (Stowell 1993). The top of the violin contains what is referred to

Book review 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Book review 3 - Essay Example The whole idea was conceptualized after a five year teaching of high ranked executives in the world’s best Harvard Entrepreneur program. From her observations, it became evident that majority of her students spent very little time in picturing and actualizing their own companies’ strategies. Leadership and strategy are inseparable. This is a point missed out by many leaders. Clearly as seen, strategies are not ‘how to’ functions in an organization. They cannot be executed on their own, and thus the need for a strong leadership background. There is a very little understanding of the intertwined intimate relationship between leadership and strategy. For this reason, managers keep seeking professional advice from external specialists to help in making company analysis and strategically position them for competitive advantage. This has made strategy a lucrative business for most experts. A question that every business leader must answer is, â€Å"Does your company matter?† (Montgomery pp. 13). For this reason, leaders should not only be willing and ready to learn on how best to be effective managers but also creatively think of possible ways through which their businesses can prosper. In real sense, vey many leaders find it extremely difficult to trace t he existence of their companies and thus cannot even describe or identify the needs in their individual companies. This causes lots of confusion at the lower levels of management because of the colliding decisions at the top. Since leadership and the strategy are inseparable, a question is posed to business leaders; â€Å"Are you a strategist?† (Montgomery pp. 20). A strategist is a leader who wholeheartedly guides the ongoing process from the conception of an idea, its execution, and post convincing results. A strategist carefully watches, identifies, makes decisions, and risks other opportunities for

Commercial law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

Commercial law - Essay Example Lord Atkin asserted that a manufacturer owed a legal duty of care to the ultimate consumer of his product. In discussing duty of care as a legal concept, Lord Atkin established the â€Å"neighbour† principle. Furthermore, in the case of in the Bolton v Stone2 the House of Lords held that whilst foreseeability was relevant to the issue of whether as duty of care exists, once established the issue of breach was ultimately dependant on the reasonableness of the defendant’s actions. In order for a manufacturer to be liable in negligence there has to be proximity and the case of Anns v Merton London Borough3 asserted that the proximity test relies on a consideration of the nature of the relationship between the parties. Once duty of care has been established, a claimant has to establish that the manufacturer’s breach of duty caused actionable damage. The standard of care imposed by law in order to determine a breach of duty is objective and that of â€Å"the reasonable and prudent man4†. The degree of care to be expected is founded on considering what a reasonable man, careful for the safety of his neighbour would do and requires a consideration of the degree of the likelihood of harm occurring, the cost and practicability of measures needed to avoid it and the seriousness of the consequences5. The preliminary test for determining causation is the â€Å"but-for† test and whether the claimant would not have suffered the damage â€Å"but-for† B’s negligence6. Moreover, the Wagon Mound No.17 decision asserted that a defendant is only liable to pay damages if the damage was reasonably foreseeable and not too remote. The primary legislative measures pertaining to manufacturer liability are governed by the Trade Practices Act 1974 as amended (TPA), which implies certain rights and warranties into commercial contracts and consumer sales agreements. The TPA

Elements of Marketing Essay Example for Free

Elements of Marketing Essay There are several views and definition of marketing. The most widely accepted definition is that of the American Marketing Association, the professional organization for marketing practitioners and educators, which defines marketing as â€Å"the process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational objectives† Elements of Marketing Marketing Research Marketing is by definition a process of planning and executing to meet consumer needs. It understands what are actual consumer wants and needs. Marketing research is the process in which collection of data by systematically helps to identify consumer’s needs. The Four Ps The heart of marketing strategy is the development of a response to market palace. Marketing by definition explains the concept of execution, pricing, promotion and right placement of goods, ideas and services. To respond to customers, a good organization develop product according to willingness of its purchaser, identify appropriate place for availability and finally and promote its product to create familiarity in its customers mind. Product, Price, Place and promotions are four Ps of marketing which are use many organizations to define its marketing strategy. Product: Product represents goods, services, or ideas offered by a firm. Price: Price focuses on what customers are willing to pay for services. What price actually suits to consumer to buy goods? A company provides good or services and a customer willing to exchange dollars to satisfy its needs. Place: Place represents the way or specific area in which company will distribute its goods or provide services to its customers. This decision company takes after careful and effective marketing research. Promotion: The final P represents promotion. Historically it is renowned with advertisement which is mean marketing. Promotions activities involve creating awareness in consumers mind to understand how they can meet their needs. Second approach is to define STP’s STP (segmentation, Targeting, Positioning) Segmentation: It is Process of dividing the market according to similarities that exist among the various subgroups within the market. The similarities may be common characteristics or common needs and desires. One of the main reasons for using market segmentation is to help companies to better understand the needs of a specific customer base. Mass marketing assumes that all customers are the same and will respond to the same advertising. By looking at ways in which potential customer groups are different from each other, the marketing message can be better targeted to the needs and wants of those people. Market segmentation strategies that meet these criteria can cover wide range of consumer characteristics. Subsets may be defined by basic demographics like age, race, or gender, for example. Other qualities, like educational background or income can also be used, as can location. Some of the potentially most powerful variables by which to segment a market are behavioral ones, including social class, lifestyle, and interests.

Addiction and Compulsive Buying Disorder (CBD) Essay -- Psychology

Shopping is stereotypically a pastime many women love. In the Lockhorn comic strip husband Leroy often laments about his wife Loretta’s cooking, looks, and excessive shopping. In one strip Loretta is shown carrying several bags of items with the caption by creator Hoest, (n.d.) â€Å"you knew I had no sales resistance when I married you.† Many can joke about their love of shopping but for some it is a serious problem. People will argue that compulsive shopping is a weakness. Others feel that the idea of shopping as a disorder or addiction is a ruse of the medical establishment or pharmaceutical companies to boost sales and create a diagnosable problem. It is the intent of this writer to put current knowledge into a perspective that shows CBD to be an addiction that stands on its own merit. The concepts known to be true about addiction will be covered; along with what we understand about compulsive shopping. This writer believes that based on the evidence it will be clea r that CBD is an addiction that manifests itself independently and as a part of a complex addictive process. According to The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) (2012) â€Å"addiction is defined as a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences.† Compulsive Buying Disorder according to Black (2007) â€Å"is characterized by excessive or poorly controlled preoccupations, urges or behaviors regarding shopping and spending, which lead to adverse consequences.† Many will argue that these definitions are not enough to claim CBD to be a true addiction. However those in the middle of CBD can tell you that the behavior and feelings they experience stray far from a normal compulsion to shop. Compulsive ... ...the addiction category. Works Cited Black, D. W. (2007) A Review of Compulsive Buying Disorder. World Psychiatry Journal. February 2007. 6(1): 14-18 Bryner, J. (2008) The Truth about Shopaholics. Live Science. Retrieved from: http://www.livescience.com/2338-truth-shopaholics.html Canadian Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Addictions. (2012). The brain from top to bottom. Retrieved from: http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_03/a_03_m/a_03_m_que/a_03_m_que.html Carnes, P. (2011) Out of the Shadows: Understanding Sexual Addiction (3rd ed.).Center City, MN: Hazeldon Publishers Hartley, E. (2020) Is Compulsive Shopping Really an Addiction. Retrieved from: http://addictions.about.com/od/shoppingaddictio1/i/is_shopping_addiction_real_2.htm National Institute on Drug Abuse (2012). Drug Abuse.gov. Retrieved from: http://www.drugabuse.gov/ Addiction and Compulsive Buying Disorder (CBD) Essay -- Psychology Shopping is stereotypically a pastime many women love. In the Lockhorn comic strip husband Leroy often laments about his wife Loretta’s cooking, looks, and excessive shopping. In one strip Loretta is shown carrying several bags of items with the caption by creator Hoest, (n.d.) â€Å"you knew I had no sales resistance when I married you.† Many can joke about their love of shopping but for some it is a serious problem. People will argue that compulsive shopping is a weakness. Others feel that the idea of shopping as a disorder or addiction is a ruse of the medical establishment or pharmaceutical companies to boost sales and create a diagnosable problem. It is the intent of this writer to put current knowledge into a perspective that shows CBD to be an addiction that stands on its own merit. The concepts known to be true about addiction will be covered; along with what we understand about compulsive shopping. This writer believes that based on the evidence it will be clea r that CBD is an addiction that manifests itself independently and as a part of a complex addictive process. According to The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) (2012) â€Å"addiction is defined as a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences.† Compulsive Buying Disorder according to Black (2007) â€Å"is characterized by excessive or poorly controlled preoccupations, urges or behaviors regarding shopping and spending, which lead to adverse consequences.† Many will argue that these definitions are not enough to claim CBD to be a true addiction. However those in the middle of CBD can tell you that the behavior and feelings they experience stray far from a normal compulsion to shop. Compulsive ... ...the addiction category. Works Cited Black, D. W. (2007) A Review of Compulsive Buying Disorder. World Psychiatry Journal. February 2007. 6(1): 14-18 Bryner, J. (2008) The Truth about Shopaholics. Live Science. Retrieved from: http://www.livescience.com/2338-truth-shopaholics.html Canadian Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and Addictions. (2012). The brain from top to bottom. Retrieved from: http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/a/a_03/a_03_m/a_03_m_que/a_03_m_que.html Carnes, P. (2011) Out of the Shadows: Understanding Sexual Addiction (3rd ed.).Center City, MN: Hazeldon Publishers Hartley, E. (2020) Is Compulsive Shopping Really an Addiction. Retrieved from: http://addictions.about.com/od/shoppingaddictio1/i/is_shopping_addiction_real_2.htm National Institute on Drug Abuse (2012). Drug Abuse.gov. Retrieved from: http://www.drugabuse.gov/

Emotional Triggers :: essays research papers

When director of photography Conrad Hall, ASC and director Sam Mendes teamed to make American Beauty, few could have predicted that their dark vision of suburban malaise would be such a smash success. The film won five Academy Awards, including those for Best Picture, Best Director and Best Cinematography (Hall’s second Oscar, following his triumph for the 1969 Western classic Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid). Hall’s work also earned him his third ASC Award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinematography (see AC June ‘00). Road to Perdition, Hall and Mendes’ second collaboration, took the duo into decidedly different territory. Based on a graphic novel authored by Max Allan Collins, the film is a tale about the Irish Mafia set in 1930s Chicago. At its heart is the relationship between fathers and sons; after his professional life tragically impacts his domestic life, hit man Michael Sullivan (Tom Hanks) sets out on a wintry journey of self-discovery with his son, Michael Jr. (Tyler Hoechlin). Along the way, Sullivan must come to terms with his adoptive father, Irish crime lord John Rooney (Paul Newman). â€Å"Road to Perdition is a period movie in which there are no double-breasted, pin-striped suits and no spats,† Mendes says. â€Å"I was trying to get away from all the clichà ©s of the gangster genre.† Hall’s overarching strategy for the film dovetailed with the director’s goal by favoring naturalistic realism over a more stylized approach to the material. â€Å"The thing that makes this picture work so well is a kind of honesty,† Hall says. â€Å"It’s a sort of honest reality that doesn’t try to be theatrical in any way. There is no blue moonlight, no green vistas, none of that kind of stuff. The film has very carefully crafted compositions, it’s meticulously cut, and it’s paced very gently and slowly — all of which is good for the story.† Of his photography, Hall notes that â€Å"I’m not trying to characterize the people in the film; the actors do that. I’m trying to frame them in an appropriate emotional context for the scenes. How are their characters behaving in those scenes? Are they behaving like human beings? My goal is to make a given scene emotionally accessible for the audience. I just try to make it real. Whatever the story is trying to say to the audience dictates to me the mood I should use to reach that audience. In this case, the film is about a father who’s trying to raise his son so that the boy won’t grow up to be like him.

Importance of Educations Essay

Education is a means for increasing knowledge. A popular saying is â€Å"Knowledge is power†. Without education, the training of the human minds is incomplete. No individual is a human being in the working world until he has been educated in the proper sense. Now I’m not saying you’re not a human being without education. The mind was made to be trained and without education, a person is incomplete. Without education, man, as it were, is locked up in a windowless room. With education, he finds himself in a room with all its windows open to the outside world. In other words, people who are not educated have less opportunity to do what they want to do. Therefore, education is one of the most important processes in today’s society. Today’s youth are tomorrow’s teachers. Education is important because it gives a better personal development, brighter future, and able to make inform decisions. We learn from the moment we are infants all the way to adulthood. Learning is a continuous process and a life long journey. There is no end to learning and it is vital for one to continuously seek to improve one’s self. Personal development is continuous and requires one to learn and re-learn new skills and knowledge. Education plays a pivotal part in personal development. Life-long education creates self-awareness and enables you to develop new talents which facilitates employability and improves the quality of life. Personal development is seen by some as a part of higher education and most companies often emphasise on the need for personal development in order to accommodate to the ever changing work requirements. Oscar Wilde a popular writer states that â€Å"you can never be overdressed or overeducated. † By empowering our mind, we would be able to positively contribute to society and the well-being of the entire world. Besides that, education gives a brighter future because it is one of the factors that affect job positions people hold, their salaries, and further careers. It is an open window to many opportunities in life. One of those opportunities is getting a good job which will provide security and assurance of a good life. Education can get you into jobs of high level with a good salary package. For most people, salary is a key to ensure that you receive compensation for what you have done. The salary that you will receive by professional job will represent a superior level of income in society. Being in a high profile job will also increase your status in the society. People would look up to you and you will gain the respect of others. Moreover, with the additional money earned one could save for the future. This will lead one to live a luxury life style without worrying on the expenses incurred. In addition, education enables one to make informed decisions. With proper education one is able to evaluate the pros and cons of decision and therefore make rational and sound decisions. This is essential in a working environment where decisions have to be made on an ad hoc basis and it affects others as well. Therefore education plays a vital role in making decisions as it enables him to analyse, evaluate and justify the decisions that he make. An informed decision is a decision made after learning relevant facts about the focus of the decision. For example, a person might make an informed decision to join the politics or not join after researching to find out if the lifestyle, benefits, and travel opportunities are what he wants. The importance of education cannot be measured. Its value is unmatchable. Without it stems ignorance, frustration, anger, and demise. With it, solutions, alternatives, and new ideas can be brought forth to further improve the evolution of mankind. With each generation we are making one step forward. As we learn from our mistakes, we are able to improve the next time around. Without education, improvement and progress would never be achieved. There is no greater purpose than using the mind to everyone’s best advantage. Education makes a man who he is and what he does. It chooses his faith and when he is on the right path, he leaves him on his own, to make his own decisions with his new life with Education. It shows the surrounding people who you are, what you like and what you don’t. Education has to be used the right way to be drive out the most of life. Only education can help you in the future, so why abuse it, and take it if you can! By Raveena & Aina

Adolescence Is A Time Of Storm And Strife Essays - Free Essays

Adolescence Is A Time Of Storm And Strife Essays - Free Essays Adolescence Is A Time Of Storm And Strife : : Introduction : : Adolescence is a time of storm and strife. Adolescence is a period of time between childhood and adulthood. This is the age when one can either make something of his life or destroy it all, this is the time when a person makes those friends who changes the how he looks at life and how he faces it. An adolescent's main goal these days is to fit in and not be different from their peers. In this paper I will explore the probabilities of the following grievances experienced by the adolescent youth which are drugs, suicide, and homelessness. : : Body of the Essay : : Adolescence is the developmental stage between childhood and adulthood; it generally refers to a period ranging from teen years through 20s. As now life is growing more complex, however, adolescents are increasingly cut off from the activities of their elders, leaving most young people with education as their sole occupation. Inexorably, this has isolated many of them from the adult world and has prolonged their adolescence. Now almost all over the world the adolescent years have become marked by violence to an alarming degree. The phenomenon of teenage suicide has become particularly disturbing, but risk-taking behaviors of many sorts can be observed, including alcohol and drug abuse. Adolescents only want to have fun and go to parties. They get addicted to drugs and start to revolve their lives around drugs. Some get arrested and others encounter death. Addiction is so powerful that it takes control of people's brains and only tells them to do wrong. Drugs are highly Addictive, and most of the adolescents main goal is to fit in the group by doing what the whole group does, this is how they get into crack, booze, pot and crystal. Dr. Nowinski's book in which he states his study of Adolescents drugs and addicts describes specific cases of adolescent drug abuse that he has worked with. He describes the different patterns of adolescent drug abuse and the causes of such type of abuse. He describes causes like alienation, low self-esteem and confidence, stress, and peer pressure. He goes into how developments of new treatment techniques are necessary because adolescent addictions are different from those of adults. He describes the process of counseling, denial and com pliance, and surrender and recovery. Nowinski stresses the need for family intervention in cases that involve adolescents. Addiction is the disease that eventually starts to plague the adolescents that decide to take the wrong path. Addiction lurks up on anyone putting aside race, age, or gender because this disease does not care. Adolescents are not aware of the consequences of drugs and have a hard time listening to their elders, since they think their all night parties in which drugs and alcohol booms are safe until someone dies or they are confronted by the law. These parties take place in warehouses, outdoor recreation areas or any place where more than 1,000 young people can gather. At these kind of parties the trance music is played which is a composition of electronic sounds driven into shape by a DJ. Adolescents see these things just as fun; and do not understand that this road reaches nowhere. In time, this behavior becomes a way of every day life and causes in most case a lot of pain for the adolescent. This is where the disease of addiction takes over an adolescent's body and controls it until someone helps him or her out of it. The sad part is that most of the time help is given forcefully by the law or even by death. (New York Times, 1997) (Fort 209-215) Eventually after all the consequences occur treatment and rehabilitation is needed if death did not already occur. Adolescents need to hear stories and be able relate themselves with the stories. All the commercials and adults talking in schools do not helps our society out of this. Adolescents anyhow do not listen and still do what they want not realizing the results. Adolescent Suicide is a result of frustration and negligence because there is a lot to live for. Each year in the U.S., thousands of teenagers